NSG 233 Med SurG III eXAM 3 NeWeST 2025/2026 COMPLeTe
QueSTIONS ANd deTAILed ANSWerS (VerIFIed ANSWerS)
|ALreAdY GrAded A+||rANked!!
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? - deTAILed ANSWer-Whenever a pt is
hemorrhaging—whether externally or internally—a loss of circulating blood results in a fluid
volume deficit & decreased cardiac output. Therefore, fluid replacement is imperative to
maintain circulation.
Typically, two large-gauge IV catheters are inserted, preferably in an uninjured extremity, to
provide a means for fluid & blood replacement.
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? - deTAILed ANSWer-· Replacement fluids may
include isotonic electrolyte solutions (e.g., lactated Ringer's, normal saline), colloids, & blood
component therapy.
Packed RBC are infused when there is massive blood loss, which may also necessitate
transfusion of other blood components, including platelets & clotting factors.
Violence in the ED - deTAILed ANSWer-Precautions to take in order to avoid injury include:
· For prisoners, the hand or ankle restraint (handcuff) is never released, & a guard is always
present in the room.
· Nonrestraint techniques should be tried when possible—e.g., talking w/ the pt, minimizing
environmental stimulation.
, ·
Pts from prison & those who are under guard need to be handcuffed to the bed & appropriately
assessed to ensure the safety of hospital staff & other pts.
Family Focused Interventions - deTAILed ANSWer-Allow family to be present!
The family is kept informed about where the pt is, how he or she is doing, & the care that is
being given.
Encouraging family members to stay w/ the pt, when possible, also helps allay their anxieties.
Reversal agents of anticoagulants? - deTAILed ANSWer-Protamine sulfate is an antidote for
standard heparin and LMWHs.
· A single dose should not exceed 50 mg
· The drug is given by slow IV infusion over at least 10 min
Heat Exhaustion Treatment - deTAILed ANSWer-Most importantly, immediate ingestion and
eventually IV replacement of large quantities of water, and placement in a cool environment is
helpful as well.
Heat Exhaustion prevention - deTAILed ANSWer-Preventing Heat-Induced Illnesses
· Maintain adequate fluid intake, wear loose clothing, and reduce activity in hot weather.
· Monitor fluid losses and weight loss during workout activities or exercise and replace fluids and
electrolytes.
Plan outdoor activities to avoid the hottest part of the day (between 10 AM and 2 PM
Assessment & diagnostics for heat exhaustion. - deTAILed ANSWer-· When assessing the pt,
the nurse notes the following symptoms: profound (CNS) dysfunction (manifested by confusion,
QueSTIONS ANd deTAILed ANSWerS (VerIFIed ANSWerS)
|ALreAdY GrAded A+||rANked!!
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? - deTAILed ANSWer-Whenever a pt is
hemorrhaging—whether externally or internally—a loss of circulating blood results in a fluid
volume deficit & decreased cardiac output. Therefore, fluid replacement is imperative to
maintain circulation.
Typically, two large-gauge IV catheters are inserted, preferably in an uninjured extremity, to
provide a means for fluid & blood replacement.
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? - deTAILed ANSWer-· Replacement fluids may
include isotonic electrolyte solutions (e.g., lactated Ringer's, normal saline), colloids, & blood
component therapy.
Packed RBC are infused when there is massive blood loss, which may also necessitate
transfusion of other blood components, including platelets & clotting factors.
Violence in the ED - deTAILed ANSWer-Precautions to take in order to avoid injury include:
· For prisoners, the hand or ankle restraint (handcuff) is never released, & a guard is always
present in the room.
· Nonrestraint techniques should be tried when possible—e.g., talking w/ the pt, minimizing
environmental stimulation.
, ·
Pts from prison & those who are under guard need to be handcuffed to the bed & appropriately
assessed to ensure the safety of hospital staff & other pts.
Family Focused Interventions - deTAILed ANSWer-Allow family to be present!
The family is kept informed about where the pt is, how he or she is doing, & the care that is
being given.
Encouraging family members to stay w/ the pt, when possible, also helps allay their anxieties.
Reversal agents of anticoagulants? - deTAILed ANSWer-Protamine sulfate is an antidote for
standard heparin and LMWHs.
· A single dose should not exceed 50 mg
· The drug is given by slow IV infusion over at least 10 min
Heat Exhaustion Treatment - deTAILed ANSWer-Most importantly, immediate ingestion and
eventually IV replacement of large quantities of water, and placement in a cool environment is
helpful as well.
Heat Exhaustion prevention - deTAILed ANSWer-Preventing Heat-Induced Illnesses
· Maintain adequate fluid intake, wear loose clothing, and reduce activity in hot weather.
· Monitor fluid losses and weight loss during workout activities or exercise and replace fluids and
electrolytes.
Plan outdoor activities to avoid the hottest part of the day (between 10 AM and 2 PM
Assessment & diagnostics for heat exhaustion. - deTAILed ANSWer-· When assessing the pt,
the nurse notes the following symptoms: profound (CNS) dysfunction (manifested by confusion,
