RDF2601
STUDY GUIDE
,Contents
Learning unit 1: Orientation to the study material 1
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE 1
1.1.1 Getting started 2
1.2 WHY STUDY THIS MODULE? 2
1.3 PURPOSE OF THIS MODULE 2
1.4 MODULE OUTCOMES 3
1.5 STUDY MATERIALS – VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE ONLINE MODULE 4
1.5.1 The study material 4
1.5.2 myUnisa tools 4
1.5.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) 5
1.6 FRAMEWORK OF THE MODULE 5
1.7 LEARNING APPROACH 6
1.7.1 Suggestions on how to approach your studies in this module 6
1.7.2 Importance of completing activities, assignments and self-assessment
questions 7
1.8 LINK TO OTHER COURSES/MODULES 8
1.9 EXPLANATION OF ICONS 8
1.10 CONCLUSION 9
Learning unit 2: INTRODUCTION TO RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 10
2.1 INTRODUCTION 10
2.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 10
2.3 WHAT ARE RESOURCES? 11
2.3.1 Print materials 12
2.3.2 Technological resources 13
2.3.3 Manipulatives and open-ended materials 13
2.3.4 Outdoor equipment 14
2.3.5 Natural materials 14
2.3.6 Human resources 15
2.4 DEFINING THE TERM “RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT” 17
2.4.1 Why resource development? 18
2.5 THE PURPOSE OF RESOURCES 19
2.6 EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCES TO SUPPORT TEACHING AND LEARNING 21
2.7 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 22
2.8 CONCLUSION 22
Learning unit 3: Theories and their importance in supporting the use of resources and
resource development 24
3.1 INTRODUCTION 24
3.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 25
3.3 DEFINING THE TERM “DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE” 26
3.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING STYLES AND RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT 27
3.4.1 Visual learners 27
3.4.2 Auditory learners 27
3.4.3 Kinaesthetic learners 28
3.5 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO HOWARD GARDNER’S MULTIPLE
INTELLIGENCES 33
3.6 THE IMPLICATIONS OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIO-CULTURAL THEORY FOR RESOURCES
IN THE CLASSROOM 35
3.7 RESOURCE USE ACCORDING TO JEAN PIAGET’S COGNITIVE THEORY 36
3.7.1 Sensorimotor stage 36
,CONTENTS
3.7.2 Preoperational stage 37
3.7.3 Concrete operational stage 37
3.7.4 Formal operational stage 37
3.8 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 37
3.9 CONCLUSION 38
Learning unit 4: Guidelines for developing resources 39
4.1 INTRODUCTION 39
4.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 40
4.3 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING RESOURCES 40
4.3.1 Principles for developing resources 40
4.3.2 Process for developing resources 41
4.4 RECOGNISING AND USING SUITABLE RECYCLABLE MATERIALS 43
4.4.1 Defining the term “innovative” 44
4.4.2 Defining the term “recyclable” 44
4.5 ADHERING TO SAFETY GUIDELINES 47
4.6 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 48
4.7 CONCLUSION 49
Learning unit 5: Resource development to support teaching and learning activities 50
5.1 INTRODUCTION 50
5.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 51
5.3 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE LEARNING
ACTIVITIES 52
5.3.1 Defining the term “culturally responsive” 52
5.3.2 Resources that support culturally responsive learning activities 53
5.4 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT LANGUAGE 54
5.4.1 Listening and speaking 55
5.4.2 Reading and phonics 57
5.4.3 Writing and handwriting 63
5.5 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT MATHEMATICS 67
5.5.1 Introduction 67
5.5.2 Numbers, operations and relationships 69
5.5.3 Patterns, functions and algebra 73
5.5.4 Space and shape (geometry) 74
5.5.5 Measurement 76
5.5.6 Data handling 78
5.6 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT LIFE SKILLS 79
5.6.1 Beginning knowledge and personal and social well-being 80
5.6.2 Creative arts 82
5.6.3 Physical education 85
5.7 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 88
5.8 CONCLUSION 88
Bibliography 90
Appendices 93
, Learning unit 1
Orientation to the study material Learningunit1
Contents
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE 1
1.1.1 Getting started 2
1.2 WHY STUDY THIS MODULE? 2
1.3 PURPOSE OF THIS MODULE 2
1.4 MODULE OUTCOMES 3
1.5 STUDY MATERIALS – VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE ONLINE MODULE 4
1.5.1 The study material 4
1.5.2 myUnisa tools 4
1.5.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) 5
1.6 FRAMEWORK OF THE MODULE 5
1.7 LEARNING APPROACH 6
1.7.1 Suggestions on how to approach your studies in this module 6
1.7.2 Importance of completing activities, assignments and self-assessment
questions 7
1.7.2.1 Activities 7
1.7.2.2 Assignments 7
1.7.2.3 Assessment questions 7
1.7.2.4 Assessment of the module 8
1.8 LINK TO OTHER COURSES/MODULES 8
1.9 EXPLANATION OF ICONS 8
1.10 CONCLUSION 9
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE
Dear student
Welcome to the module Resource Development in the Foundation Phase.
It is our great pleasure to welcome you to this module. To make sure that you share our
enthusiasm for this field of study,we urge you to read the overview in Learning Unit 0 thoroughly.
Refer to it as often as you need to, since it will certainly make studying this module a lot easier.
By studying the theoretical concepts and their practical applications in this module, you will be
able to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to enhance teaching and learning through the
development of age-appropriate resources.The emerging field of resource development is
dynamic and challenging.The learning content and activities contained in this study guide will
provide you with opportunities to explore the latest developments, and help you discover the
field of resource development as it is practised today.
STUDY GUIDE
,Contents
Learning unit 1: Orientation to the study material 1
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE 1
1.1.1 Getting started 2
1.2 WHY STUDY THIS MODULE? 2
1.3 PURPOSE OF THIS MODULE 2
1.4 MODULE OUTCOMES 3
1.5 STUDY MATERIALS – VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE ONLINE MODULE 4
1.5.1 The study material 4
1.5.2 myUnisa tools 4
1.5.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) 5
1.6 FRAMEWORK OF THE MODULE 5
1.7 LEARNING APPROACH 6
1.7.1 Suggestions on how to approach your studies in this module 6
1.7.2 Importance of completing activities, assignments and self-assessment
questions 7
1.8 LINK TO OTHER COURSES/MODULES 8
1.9 EXPLANATION OF ICONS 8
1.10 CONCLUSION 9
Learning unit 2: INTRODUCTION TO RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 10
2.1 INTRODUCTION 10
2.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 10
2.3 WHAT ARE RESOURCES? 11
2.3.1 Print materials 12
2.3.2 Technological resources 13
2.3.3 Manipulatives and open-ended materials 13
2.3.4 Outdoor equipment 14
2.3.5 Natural materials 14
2.3.6 Human resources 15
2.4 DEFINING THE TERM “RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT” 17
2.4.1 Why resource development? 18
2.5 THE PURPOSE OF RESOURCES 19
2.6 EFFECTIVE USE OF RESOURCES TO SUPPORT TEACHING AND LEARNING 21
2.7 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 22
2.8 CONCLUSION 22
Learning unit 3: Theories and their importance in supporting the use of resources and
resource development 24
3.1 INTRODUCTION 24
3.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 25
3.3 DEFINING THE TERM “DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE” 26
3.4 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING STYLES AND RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT 27
3.4.1 Visual learners 27
3.4.2 Auditory learners 27
3.4.3 Kinaesthetic learners 28
3.5 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO HOWARD GARDNER’S MULTIPLE
INTELLIGENCES 33
3.6 THE IMPLICATIONS OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIO-CULTURAL THEORY FOR RESOURCES
IN THE CLASSROOM 35
3.7 RESOURCE USE ACCORDING TO JEAN PIAGET’S COGNITIVE THEORY 36
3.7.1 Sensorimotor stage 36
,CONTENTS
3.7.2 Preoperational stage 37
3.7.3 Concrete operational stage 37
3.7.4 Formal operational stage 37
3.8 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 37
3.9 CONCLUSION 38
Learning unit 4: Guidelines for developing resources 39
4.1 INTRODUCTION 39
4.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 40
4.3 GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING RESOURCES 40
4.3.1 Principles for developing resources 40
4.3.2 Process for developing resources 41
4.4 RECOGNISING AND USING SUITABLE RECYCLABLE MATERIALS 43
4.4.1 Defining the term “innovative” 44
4.4.2 Defining the term “recyclable” 44
4.5 ADHERING TO SAFETY GUIDELINES 47
4.6 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 48
4.7 CONCLUSION 49
Learning unit 5: Resource development to support teaching and learning activities 50
5.1 INTRODUCTION 50
5.2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 51
5.3 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE LEARNING
ACTIVITIES 52
5.3.1 Defining the term “culturally responsive” 52
5.3.2 Resources that support culturally responsive learning activities 53
5.4 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT LANGUAGE 54
5.4.1 Listening and speaking 55
5.4.2 Reading and phonics 57
5.4.3 Writing and handwriting 63
5.5 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT MATHEMATICS 67
5.5.1 Introduction 67
5.5.2 Numbers, operations and relationships 69
5.5.3 Patterns, functions and algebra 73
5.5.4 Space and shape (geometry) 74
5.5.5 Measurement 76
5.5.6 Data handling 78
5.6 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TO SUPPORT LIFE SKILLS 79
5.6.1 Beginning knowledge and personal and social well-being 80
5.6.2 Creative arts 82
5.6.3 Physical education 85
5.7 SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 88
5.8 CONCLUSION 88
Bibliography 90
Appendices 93
, Learning unit 1
Orientation to the study material Learningunit1
Contents
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE 1
1.1.1 Getting started 2
1.2 WHY STUDY THIS MODULE? 2
1.3 PURPOSE OF THIS MODULE 2
1.4 MODULE OUTCOMES 3
1.5 STUDY MATERIALS – VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE ONLINE MODULE 4
1.5.1 The study material 4
1.5.2 myUnisa tools 4
1.5.3 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) 5
1.6 FRAMEWORK OF THE MODULE 5
1.7 LEARNING APPROACH 6
1.7.1 Suggestions on how to approach your studies in this module 6
1.7.2 Importance of completing activities, assignments and self-assessment
questions 7
1.7.2.1 Activities 7
1.7.2.2 Assignments 7
1.7.2.3 Assessment questions 7
1.7.2.4 Assessment of the module 8
1.8 LINK TO OTHER COURSES/MODULES 8
1.9 EXPLANATION OF ICONS 8
1.10 CONCLUSION 9
1.1 WELCOME TO THE MODULE
Dear student
Welcome to the module Resource Development in the Foundation Phase.
It is our great pleasure to welcome you to this module. To make sure that you share our
enthusiasm for this field of study,we urge you to read the overview in Learning Unit 0 thoroughly.
Refer to it as often as you need to, since it will certainly make studying this module a lot easier.
By studying the theoretical concepts and their practical applications in this module, you will be
able to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to enhance teaching and learning through the
development of age-appropriate resources.The emerging field of resource development is
dynamic and challenging.The learning content and activities contained in this study guide will
provide you with opportunities to explore the latest developments, and help you discover the
field of resource development as it is practised today.
