NRNP 6531 EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS||
LATEST VERSION 2026
A patient diagnosed with well-localized vitiligo is referred to a dermatologist
for treatment. What will the initial treatment be?
a. Chemical depigmentation with mequinol
b. Narrow-band ultraviolet B light therapy
c. Psoralens plus ultraviolet A light
d. Twice-daily application of a mid-potency steroid cream - ANSWER-ANS: D
The initial treatment for vitiligo is twice-daily mid-potency steroids. UVA and
UVB therapy with psoralens may be used if this isn't effective and must be
performed by a qualified specialist. Patients with widespread areas of vitiligo
may be treated with depigmentation therapy.
A patient has a pressure ulcer that has been treated with topical medications.
During a follow-up visit, the provider notes an area of red bumps in the lesion.
What does this indicate?
a. Healing tissue
b. Poor perfusion
c. Secondary infection
d. Tunneling lesions - ANSWER-ANS: A
Wounds that are healing or have the potential to heel will demonstrate pink or
red tissue and
the absence of exudate, infection, or debris and will have bumpy granulation
tissue. Perfusion
,is assessed by pulse assessment and localized capillary refill. Secondary
infection is characterized by exudate and cellular debris. Tunneling is a
secondary wound.
A patient has an ulcer on one lower leg just above the medial malleolus. The
provider notes irregular wound edges with granulation tissue and moderate
exudate, with ankle edema in that leg. What is the initial treatment to help treat
this wound?
a. Compression therapy
b. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
c. Revascularization procedures
d. Skin grafting - ANSWER-ANS: A
This patient has symptoms consistent with venous ulcers, which are
characterized by irregular
borders and granulation tissue. Compression therapy is the initial treatment of
choice to reduce edema and promote venous return. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy,
revascularization procedures, and skin grafting are generally used to treat
arterial ulcers.
A young adult patient is being treated for hypertension and is noted to have a
resting blood pressure of 135/88 mm Hg just after finishing a meal. After
standing, the patient has a blood pressure of 115/70 mm Hg. What is the likely
cause of this change in blood pressure?
a. A hyperglycemic episode
b. Antihypertensive medications
c. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension
d. Postprandial hypotension - ANSWER-ANS: B
Medications to treat hypertension may cause orthostatic hypotension.
Hypoglycemia may cause hypotension. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension is
less likely since there is no direct connection to the neurological system.
Postprandial hypotension occurs in elderly patients.
,An elderly patient who experiences orthostatic hypotension secondary to
antihypertensive medications is noted to have a drop in systolic blood pressure
of 25 mm Hg. Which
intervention is important for this patient?
a. Administration of intravenous fluids
b. Close monitoring cardiorespiratory status
c. Initiation of a fall risk protocol
d. Withholding antihypertensive medications - ANSWER-ANS: C
A reduction of systolic blood pressure >20 mm Hg is a risk factor for falls in the
elderly, so a fall risk protocol should be initiated. Unless the patient is
dehydrated, IV fluids are not recommended. Close monitoring of CR status will
not prevent falls. Withholding antihypertensive medications often worsens
orthostatic hypotension.
An older patient develops orthostatic hypotension secondary to an
antihypertensive medication and asks what measures can be taken to minimize
this condition. What will the provider recommend?
a. Changing from sitting to standing slowly
b. Decreasing the medication dosage
c. Decreasing physical activity
d. Performing the Valsalva maneuver - ANSWER-ANS: A
Changing positions slowly will assist in minimizing the effects of this condition.
Decreasing activity will not help and will have a negative effect on general
health. Decreasing or discontinuation of the medication should not be done
without first contracting the prescribing health care provider. Performing the
Valsalva maneuver will increase intrathoracic pressure
and should be avoided.
Which diagnostic study is best to evaluate a swallowing disorder?
a. Computerized tomography (CT) of the head and neck
b. Electroglottography
, c. Electron microscopy
d. Videofluoroscopy (VFES) - ANSWER-ANS: D
Videofluoroscopy is the most appropriate because it visualizes the actual
swallow. Electroglottography and electron microscopy may be appropriate but
are more limited. CT evaluation may aid in diagnosis but does not describe the
actual swallow mechanism.
A patient experiences a feeding disorder after a stroke that causes disordered
tongue function and impaired laryngeal closure. What intervention will be
helpful to reduce complications in this patient?
a. Surface electrical stimulation
b. Teaching head rotation
c. Thickened liquids
d. Thinning liquids - ANSWER-ANS: C
Thickening liquids is helpful for patients with disordered tongue function and
impaired laryngeal closure, because there is a reduced tendency for liquids to
spill over the tongue base and cause aspiration. Surface electrical stimulation
helps improve strength of muscles but does not address the problem of
aspiration. Teaching head rotation is used for patients with unilateral laryngeal
dysfunction. Thinning liquids is used for patients with weak pharyngeal
contraction.
A patient experiences a sharp pain just under the sternum with swallowing. This
is more commonly associated with which condition?
a. Hiatal hernia
b. Infectious esophagitis
c. Peptic stricture
d. Schatzki ring - ANSWER-ANS: B
A sharp, substernal pain with swallowing is most commonly associated with
infectious esophagitis. Esophageal strictures are highly correlated with hiatal
hernia and patients with stricture will report a feeling of food becoming stuck. A
Schatzki ring and peptic stricture are types of strictures.
VERIFIED ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS||
LATEST VERSION 2026
A patient diagnosed with well-localized vitiligo is referred to a dermatologist
for treatment. What will the initial treatment be?
a. Chemical depigmentation with mequinol
b. Narrow-band ultraviolet B light therapy
c. Psoralens plus ultraviolet A light
d. Twice-daily application of a mid-potency steroid cream - ANSWER-ANS: D
The initial treatment for vitiligo is twice-daily mid-potency steroids. UVA and
UVB therapy with psoralens may be used if this isn't effective and must be
performed by a qualified specialist. Patients with widespread areas of vitiligo
may be treated with depigmentation therapy.
A patient has a pressure ulcer that has been treated with topical medications.
During a follow-up visit, the provider notes an area of red bumps in the lesion.
What does this indicate?
a. Healing tissue
b. Poor perfusion
c. Secondary infection
d. Tunneling lesions - ANSWER-ANS: A
Wounds that are healing or have the potential to heel will demonstrate pink or
red tissue and
the absence of exudate, infection, or debris and will have bumpy granulation
tissue. Perfusion
,is assessed by pulse assessment and localized capillary refill. Secondary
infection is characterized by exudate and cellular debris. Tunneling is a
secondary wound.
A patient has an ulcer on one lower leg just above the medial malleolus. The
provider notes irregular wound edges with granulation tissue and moderate
exudate, with ankle edema in that leg. What is the initial treatment to help treat
this wound?
a. Compression therapy
b. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
c. Revascularization procedures
d. Skin grafting - ANSWER-ANS: A
This patient has symptoms consistent with venous ulcers, which are
characterized by irregular
borders and granulation tissue. Compression therapy is the initial treatment of
choice to reduce edema and promote venous return. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy,
revascularization procedures, and skin grafting are generally used to treat
arterial ulcers.
A young adult patient is being treated for hypertension and is noted to have a
resting blood pressure of 135/88 mm Hg just after finishing a meal. After
standing, the patient has a blood pressure of 115/70 mm Hg. What is the likely
cause of this change in blood pressure?
a. A hyperglycemic episode
b. Antihypertensive medications
c. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension
d. Postprandial hypotension - ANSWER-ANS: B
Medications to treat hypertension may cause orthostatic hypotension.
Hypoglycemia may cause hypotension. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension is
less likely since there is no direct connection to the neurological system.
Postprandial hypotension occurs in elderly patients.
,An elderly patient who experiences orthostatic hypotension secondary to
antihypertensive medications is noted to have a drop in systolic blood pressure
of 25 mm Hg. Which
intervention is important for this patient?
a. Administration of intravenous fluids
b. Close monitoring cardiorespiratory status
c. Initiation of a fall risk protocol
d. Withholding antihypertensive medications - ANSWER-ANS: C
A reduction of systolic blood pressure >20 mm Hg is a risk factor for falls in the
elderly, so a fall risk protocol should be initiated. Unless the patient is
dehydrated, IV fluids are not recommended. Close monitoring of CR status will
not prevent falls. Withholding antihypertensive medications often worsens
orthostatic hypotension.
An older patient develops orthostatic hypotension secondary to an
antihypertensive medication and asks what measures can be taken to minimize
this condition. What will the provider recommend?
a. Changing from sitting to standing slowly
b. Decreasing the medication dosage
c. Decreasing physical activity
d. Performing the Valsalva maneuver - ANSWER-ANS: A
Changing positions slowly will assist in minimizing the effects of this condition.
Decreasing activity will not help and will have a negative effect on general
health. Decreasing or discontinuation of the medication should not be done
without first contracting the prescribing health care provider. Performing the
Valsalva maneuver will increase intrathoracic pressure
and should be avoided.
Which diagnostic study is best to evaluate a swallowing disorder?
a. Computerized tomography (CT) of the head and neck
b. Electroglottography
, c. Electron microscopy
d. Videofluoroscopy (VFES) - ANSWER-ANS: D
Videofluoroscopy is the most appropriate because it visualizes the actual
swallow. Electroglottography and electron microscopy may be appropriate but
are more limited. CT evaluation may aid in diagnosis but does not describe the
actual swallow mechanism.
A patient experiences a feeding disorder after a stroke that causes disordered
tongue function and impaired laryngeal closure. What intervention will be
helpful to reduce complications in this patient?
a. Surface electrical stimulation
b. Teaching head rotation
c. Thickened liquids
d. Thinning liquids - ANSWER-ANS: C
Thickening liquids is helpful for patients with disordered tongue function and
impaired laryngeal closure, because there is a reduced tendency for liquids to
spill over the tongue base and cause aspiration. Surface electrical stimulation
helps improve strength of muscles but does not address the problem of
aspiration. Teaching head rotation is used for patients with unilateral laryngeal
dysfunction. Thinning liquids is used for patients with weak pharyngeal
contraction.
A patient experiences a sharp pain just under the sternum with swallowing. This
is more commonly associated with which condition?
a. Hiatal hernia
b. Infectious esophagitis
c. Peptic stricture
d. Schatzki ring - ANSWER-ANS: B
A sharp, substernal pain with swallowing is most commonly associated with
infectious esophagitis. Esophageal strictures are highly correlated with hiatal
hernia and patients with stricture will report a feeling of food becoming stuck. A
Schatzki ring and peptic stricture are types of strictures.
