EMT - CHAPTER 21: TOXICOLOGY QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED SOLUTIONS ( MULTIPLE CHOICES) |
100% CORRECT!!
Opiods Correct Answers An opioid is a type of narcotic medication used
to relieve pain.
--> An opiate is a subset of the opioid family, and refers to natural,
nonsynthetic opioids.
Opioids are named for the opium in poppy seeds, from which codeine
and morphine are derived.
Synthetic opioids include meperidine, hydromorphone, oxycodone,
hydrocodone, and methadone.
---------------------------------
> Prescription opioid drugs are among the most commonly abused drugs
in the United States.
> Some people become physically dependent on opioids after taking an
appropriate medical prescription.
>The death rate from heroin overdoses tripled between 2010 and 2013
(to 44,000 deaths).
---------------------------------
--> are CNS depressants and can cause severe respiratory depression
and then cardiac arrest if not treated promptly.
a. Tolerance develops quickly, so some users may require massive doses
to experience the same high.
,b. These drugs often cause nausea and vomiting and may lead to the
development of hypotension.
Although seizures are uncommon, they can occur.
d. Patients typically appear sedated or unconscious and cyanotic with
pinpoint pupils.
i. Pinpoint pupils are the most commonly accepted sign of opiate abuse.
Toxin Correct Answers a poisonous substance produced by bacteria,
animals, or plants that acts by changing the normal metabolism of cells
or destroying them.
--> can have acute or chronic effects.
Acute vs. Chronic Poisoning
( The term poisoned includes both acute and chronic poisoning Correct
Answers Acute - poisoning that is sudden. Ex: Carbon Monoxide
Poisoning
--> affects approx only 2 million people each year
--> may be able to prevent death in patients with acute poisoning by
providing airway management and symptomatic care during transport
Chronic - caused by long-term abuse of medication, tobacco, and
alcohol --> most common form
--> deaths in adults have risen over the past few years due to drug abuse
,Toxicology Correct Answers the study of toxic or poisonous substances
Poison Correct Answers any substance whose chemical action can
damage body structures or impair body function
Substance Abuse Correct Answers is the misuse of any substance to
produce a desired effect.
--> common complication of substance abuse is overdose, when a
patient takes a toxic dose of a substance.
What is an EMT's primary responsibility to a patient that has been
poisoned...? Correct Answers recognize that a poisoning has occurred
What is the priorities of life when it comes to poisoning...? Correct
Answers Your safety is THE most important...
- you must pay attention to your surroundings or you could also become
exposed to the same substance.
---> The where, what, and how of the toxic exposure is important.
2. Very small amounts of some poisons can cause considerable damage
or death.
If you suspect that ingestion or exposure to a toxic substance has
occurred what do you do...? Correct Answers notify medical control and
begin emergency treatment at once.
, The presence of injuries at the patient's mouth strongly suggests the
ingestion (swallowing) of a poison.
Signs and Symptoms of specific types of Overdose...
( PICTURE ) Correct Answers
Extra questions to ask a poisoning victim during the SAMPLE section of
your assessment... Correct Answers a. What substance did you take?
b. When did you take it (or become exposed to it)?
c. How much did you ingest?
d. Did you have anything to eat or drink before or after you took it?
e. Has anyone given you an antidote or any substance orally since you
ingested it?
f. How much do you weigh?
How can your situational awareness help you determine the cause of a
poisoning...? Correct Answers 1. Look around the immediate area for an
overturned bottle, a needle or syringe, scattered pills, chemicals, remains
of food or drink items, or even an overturned or damaged plant.
2. Place any suspicious material in a plastic bag and take it with you.
3. Containers at the scene can provide critical information, such as:
--> a. Name and concentration of the drug
--> b. Ingredients
VERIFIED DETAILED SOLUTIONS ( MULTIPLE CHOICES) |
100% CORRECT!!
Opiods Correct Answers An opioid is a type of narcotic medication used
to relieve pain.
--> An opiate is a subset of the opioid family, and refers to natural,
nonsynthetic opioids.
Opioids are named for the opium in poppy seeds, from which codeine
and morphine are derived.
Synthetic opioids include meperidine, hydromorphone, oxycodone,
hydrocodone, and methadone.
---------------------------------
> Prescription opioid drugs are among the most commonly abused drugs
in the United States.
> Some people become physically dependent on opioids after taking an
appropriate medical prescription.
>The death rate from heroin overdoses tripled between 2010 and 2013
(to 44,000 deaths).
---------------------------------
--> are CNS depressants and can cause severe respiratory depression
and then cardiac arrest if not treated promptly.
a. Tolerance develops quickly, so some users may require massive doses
to experience the same high.
,b. These drugs often cause nausea and vomiting and may lead to the
development of hypotension.
Although seizures are uncommon, they can occur.
d. Patients typically appear sedated or unconscious and cyanotic with
pinpoint pupils.
i. Pinpoint pupils are the most commonly accepted sign of opiate abuse.
Toxin Correct Answers a poisonous substance produced by bacteria,
animals, or plants that acts by changing the normal metabolism of cells
or destroying them.
--> can have acute or chronic effects.
Acute vs. Chronic Poisoning
( The term poisoned includes both acute and chronic poisoning Correct
Answers Acute - poisoning that is sudden. Ex: Carbon Monoxide
Poisoning
--> affects approx only 2 million people each year
--> may be able to prevent death in patients with acute poisoning by
providing airway management and symptomatic care during transport
Chronic - caused by long-term abuse of medication, tobacco, and
alcohol --> most common form
--> deaths in adults have risen over the past few years due to drug abuse
,Toxicology Correct Answers the study of toxic or poisonous substances
Poison Correct Answers any substance whose chemical action can
damage body structures or impair body function
Substance Abuse Correct Answers is the misuse of any substance to
produce a desired effect.
--> common complication of substance abuse is overdose, when a
patient takes a toxic dose of a substance.
What is an EMT's primary responsibility to a patient that has been
poisoned...? Correct Answers recognize that a poisoning has occurred
What is the priorities of life when it comes to poisoning...? Correct
Answers Your safety is THE most important...
- you must pay attention to your surroundings or you could also become
exposed to the same substance.
---> The where, what, and how of the toxic exposure is important.
2. Very small amounts of some poisons can cause considerable damage
or death.
If you suspect that ingestion or exposure to a toxic substance has
occurred what do you do...? Correct Answers notify medical control and
begin emergency treatment at once.
, The presence of injuries at the patient's mouth strongly suggests the
ingestion (swallowing) of a poison.
Signs and Symptoms of specific types of Overdose...
( PICTURE ) Correct Answers
Extra questions to ask a poisoning victim during the SAMPLE section of
your assessment... Correct Answers a. What substance did you take?
b. When did you take it (or become exposed to it)?
c. How much did you ingest?
d. Did you have anything to eat or drink before or after you took it?
e. Has anyone given you an antidote or any substance orally since you
ingested it?
f. How much do you weigh?
How can your situational awareness help you determine the cause of a
poisoning...? Correct Answers 1. Look around the immediate area for an
overturned bottle, a needle or syringe, scattered pills, chemicals, remains
of food or drink items, or even an overturned or damaged plant.
2. Place any suspicious material in a plastic bag and take it with you.
3. Containers at the scene can provide critical information, such as:
--> a. Name and concentration of the drug
--> b. Ingredients
