MSCI 510 Test 1 Study Guide with Complete Solution | Latest Update 2026–2027
Epaxial Muscles
Have both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles,
Extrinsic: Superficial group that moves the upper
limbs and Intermediate group that moves the
ribs
Intrinsic: Deep group that maintain posture and
move the vertebral column, ribs, and head
Hypaxial Muscles:
Include the Psoas Major and Quadratus Lumborum Extrinsic Superficial
Muscles:
Trapezius (Assists in rotating the scapula Latissimus Dorsi (extends, adducts, and
during abduction of humerus) rotates the humerus)
,Levator Scapulae (elevates scapula) Rhomboid Major/Minor (adducts and elevates scapula)
Extrinsic
Intermediate Muscles :
Serratus Posterior Superior (elevates ribs 2-5) Serratus Posterior Inferior (depresses ribs 9-12)
Intrinsic Deep Muscles:
Splenius Capitis Splenius
, Cervicus
Iliocostalis Lumborum (angles lower 6 or 7 ribs down) Iliocostalis Thoracis (angles upper 6 ribs)
Iliocostalis Cervicis
Epaxial Muscles
Have both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles,
Extrinsic: Superficial group that moves the upper
limbs and Intermediate group that moves the
ribs
Intrinsic: Deep group that maintain posture and
move the vertebral column, ribs, and head
Hypaxial Muscles:
Include the Psoas Major and Quadratus Lumborum Extrinsic Superficial
Muscles:
Trapezius (Assists in rotating the scapula Latissimus Dorsi (extends, adducts, and
during abduction of humerus) rotates the humerus)
,Levator Scapulae (elevates scapula) Rhomboid Major/Minor (adducts and elevates scapula)
Extrinsic
Intermediate Muscles :
Serratus Posterior Superior (elevates ribs 2-5) Serratus Posterior Inferior (depresses ribs 9-12)
Intrinsic Deep Muscles:
Splenius Capitis Splenius
, Cervicus
Iliocostalis Lumborum (angles lower 6 or 7 ribs down) Iliocostalis Thoracis (angles upper 6 ribs)
Iliocostalis Cervicis
