VBS 2032 Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers
Define:
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
- Mast cells
- Granulocytes
- Agranulocytes
- Differential white blood cell count
Types of White Blood Cells (5):
1. Neutrophils: phagocytizes bacteria
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
- most frequent type of WBC
- pale cytoplasm
- 2-3 regularly shaped nuclei
- Can be segmented or unsegmented
,2. Lymphocytes: Group of WBC involved in adaptive immunity
- Involve in immune response
- Agranulocyte (no granules in cytoplasm)
- Small
- Large, round, dark nucleus
- Cytoplasm appears as a rim around nucleus
EX: B and T cells
- B cell: programmed to make antibodies
- T cell: lymphocyte that matures in the thymus
3. Monocytes:
- Garbage trucks of the immune response
- Agranulocyte (no granules in cytoplasm)
- Huge (much bigger than lymphocytes)
- Large, kidney-bean shaped dark nucleus
- Cytoplasm appears foamy
- They differentiate into either macrophages or dendritic cells when they migrate into tissues
4. Eosinophils: Kills parasitic worms
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
,- Cytoplasm appears pink or red
- Nucleus is bilobed, evenly rounded lobes (more uniform than neutrophils)
- Are involved in allergic reactions, causing some of the symptoms associated with allergies, but
reducing others.
5. Basophils: Releases histamine and other inflammation-inducing chemicals
- Least common WBC
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
- Cytoplasm crowded by very dark granules
- Cannot see bilobed nucleus because granules are so dense
- Receptors on its surface bind IgE
*Are involved in allergic reactions and inflammation
Mast Cells: similar in appearance and function of basophils but found in the tissue
- Receptors of Fc portion of IgE
*Important in the inflammatory response and are responsible for allergic reactions
Granulocytes: Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils that contain cytoplasmic granules of
proteins and other compounds used to kill bacteria.
Agranulocytes: Lymphocytes and monocytes that lack granules
Differential white blood cell count: determines if WBCs are present in normal proportions and
is useful in diagnosing specific types of disease.
, - In sick patients, the percentages of certain types of WBCs will rise or fall depending on type of
infectious agent or disease.
The most common granulocyte in the blood is:
A. lymphocyte
B. neutrophil
C. leukocyte
D. RBC
B. neutrophil
*This multi-lobed cell is also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)
- What do leukocytes look like: lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil?
- What is the difference between neutrophilia and neutropenia?
Neutrophilia: increased proportion of neutrophils in the blood
- Common with acute bacterial infections
Neutropenia: decreased proportion of neutrophils
- May be seen with viral infections
Define:
- Antigen
- Adaptive immune system
- Antibodies
Answers
Define:
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
- Mast cells
- Granulocytes
- Agranulocytes
- Differential white blood cell count
Types of White Blood Cells (5):
1. Neutrophils: phagocytizes bacteria
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
- most frequent type of WBC
- pale cytoplasm
- 2-3 regularly shaped nuclei
- Can be segmented or unsegmented
,2. Lymphocytes: Group of WBC involved in adaptive immunity
- Involve in immune response
- Agranulocyte (no granules in cytoplasm)
- Small
- Large, round, dark nucleus
- Cytoplasm appears as a rim around nucleus
EX: B and T cells
- B cell: programmed to make antibodies
- T cell: lymphocyte that matures in the thymus
3. Monocytes:
- Garbage trucks of the immune response
- Agranulocyte (no granules in cytoplasm)
- Huge (much bigger than lymphocytes)
- Large, kidney-bean shaped dark nucleus
- Cytoplasm appears foamy
- They differentiate into either macrophages or dendritic cells when they migrate into tissues
4. Eosinophils: Kills parasitic worms
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
,- Cytoplasm appears pink or red
- Nucleus is bilobed, evenly rounded lobes (more uniform than neutrophils)
- Are involved in allergic reactions, causing some of the symptoms associated with allergies, but
reducing others.
5. Basophils: Releases histamine and other inflammation-inducing chemicals
- Least common WBC
- Granulocyte (granules in cytoplasm)
- Cytoplasm crowded by very dark granules
- Cannot see bilobed nucleus because granules are so dense
- Receptors on its surface bind IgE
*Are involved in allergic reactions and inflammation
Mast Cells: similar in appearance and function of basophils but found in the tissue
- Receptors of Fc portion of IgE
*Important in the inflammatory response and are responsible for allergic reactions
Granulocytes: Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils that contain cytoplasmic granules of
proteins and other compounds used to kill bacteria.
Agranulocytes: Lymphocytes and monocytes that lack granules
Differential white blood cell count: determines if WBCs are present in normal proportions and
is useful in diagnosing specific types of disease.
, - In sick patients, the percentages of certain types of WBCs will rise or fall depending on type of
infectious agent or disease.
The most common granulocyte in the blood is:
A. lymphocyte
B. neutrophil
C. leukocyte
D. RBC
B. neutrophil
*This multi-lobed cell is also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)
- What do leukocytes look like: lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil?
- What is the difference between neutrophilia and neutropenia?
Neutrophilia: increased proportion of neutrophils in the blood
- Common with acute bacterial infections
Neutropenia: decreased proportion of neutrophils
- May be seen with viral infections
Define:
- Antigen
- Adaptive immune system
- Antibodies
