PT 700 Unit 3 Concept Maps Pathophysiology
Questions and Correct Answers
Osteoarthritis Patho
degenerative joint disease (progressive), insidious onset; multifactorial, excessive stress applied
to joint leading to articular cartilage breaking down, synovial inflammation leading to tears, and
mechanical joint failure
Osteoarthritis Risk Factors
genetics, occupations/sports with high stress on joints, obesity, over 40; post-menopausal women
are at risk for OA in hands
Osteoarthritis Signs and Symptoms
crepitus, tenderness, symmetrical joint pain and stiffness, deep ache relieved with rest (unlike
RA), narrowing joint space; seen in weight-bearing joints and hands
Osteoarthritis Complications
reduced independence, bone spurs(osteophytes), Heberden nodes (DIP joints), Bouchard nodes
(PIP joints), mobility disability, fluctuations in pain; spine related issues (stenosis)
Osteoarthritis Medical Diagnostics
history/manifestations, imaging, lab history, rule out RA; arthroscopy
Osteoarthritis PT implications
,low-intensity therapy; joint protection, posture and alignment, treat s/s
Osteoarthritis Medical Treatment
nonsurgical: weight loss, exercise, orthotics, medications, cortisone injections, education,
surgery; no cure
Degenerative Disk Disease Patho
progressive structural failure (wear and tear of the spine); common condition; decreased
nutrition, insidious onset
Degenerative Disk Disease Risk Factors
over 40, body weight, BMI, repetitive physical loading, sedentary
Degenerative Disk Disease Signs and Symptoms
pain in low back and/or neck, numbness, tingling
Degenerative Disk Disease Complications
sciatic pain, bowel and bladder dysfunction, spinal stenosis, functional disability, disk herniation
Degenerative Disk Disease Medical Diagnostics
physical exam, imaging studies, nerve conduction study
Degenerative Disk Disease
PT implications
strengthen, posture, aerobic training, stability, motor control
, Degenerative Disk Disease
Medical Treatment
slow progression via body mechanics, lifestyle changes; NSAIDs, PT, surgery,
Ankylosing Spondylitis Patho
Inflammatory arthropathy of the axial skeleton, chronic inflammation sites, initially lumbar,
fusion of joints; spondylarthritis; onset in adulthood
Ankylosing Spondylitis Risk Factors
white males, 15-30, genetics predisposition, epigenetics
Ankylosing Spondylitis Signs and Symptoms
morning stiffness >1 hr, LBP, buttock, hip, neck pain, stiffness greater than 3 months, insidious
onset of pain increasing with prolonged rest; feel better w/ activity; hypomobility of spine;
muscular imbalance in spine
Ankylosing Spondylitis Complications
decreased spinal flexibility, decreased wall expansion; osteoporosis, spinal stenosis, spine fused
together, kyphosis; severe cases are "bamboo spine"
Ankylosing Spondylitis Medical Diagnostics
clinical manifestations, rib cage expansion, assessment of spinal flexibility
Ankylosing Spondylitis PT implications
fall prevention, positioning, posture, trunk ROM and strengthening; avoid high impact; education
on healthy lifestyle
Questions and Correct Answers
Osteoarthritis Patho
degenerative joint disease (progressive), insidious onset; multifactorial, excessive stress applied
to joint leading to articular cartilage breaking down, synovial inflammation leading to tears, and
mechanical joint failure
Osteoarthritis Risk Factors
genetics, occupations/sports with high stress on joints, obesity, over 40; post-menopausal women
are at risk for OA in hands
Osteoarthritis Signs and Symptoms
crepitus, tenderness, symmetrical joint pain and stiffness, deep ache relieved with rest (unlike
RA), narrowing joint space; seen in weight-bearing joints and hands
Osteoarthritis Complications
reduced independence, bone spurs(osteophytes), Heberden nodes (DIP joints), Bouchard nodes
(PIP joints), mobility disability, fluctuations in pain; spine related issues (stenosis)
Osteoarthritis Medical Diagnostics
history/manifestations, imaging, lab history, rule out RA; arthroscopy
Osteoarthritis PT implications
,low-intensity therapy; joint protection, posture and alignment, treat s/s
Osteoarthritis Medical Treatment
nonsurgical: weight loss, exercise, orthotics, medications, cortisone injections, education,
surgery; no cure
Degenerative Disk Disease Patho
progressive structural failure (wear and tear of the spine); common condition; decreased
nutrition, insidious onset
Degenerative Disk Disease Risk Factors
over 40, body weight, BMI, repetitive physical loading, sedentary
Degenerative Disk Disease Signs and Symptoms
pain in low back and/or neck, numbness, tingling
Degenerative Disk Disease Complications
sciatic pain, bowel and bladder dysfunction, spinal stenosis, functional disability, disk herniation
Degenerative Disk Disease Medical Diagnostics
physical exam, imaging studies, nerve conduction study
Degenerative Disk Disease
PT implications
strengthen, posture, aerobic training, stability, motor control
, Degenerative Disk Disease
Medical Treatment
slow progression via body mechanics, lifestyle changes; NSAIDs, PT, surgery,
Ankylosing Spondylitis Patho
Inflammatory arthropathy of the axial skeleton, chronic inflammation sites, initially lumbar,
fusion of joints; spondylarthritis; onset in adulthood
Ankylosing Spondylitis Risk Factors
white males, 15-30, genetics predisposition, epigenetics
Ankylosing Spondylitis Signs and Symptoms
morning stiffness >1 hr, LBP, buttock, hip, neck pain, stiffness greater than 3 months, insidious
onset of pain increasing with prolonged rest; feel better w/ activity; hypomobility of spine;
muscular imbalance in spine
Ankylosing Spondylitis Complications
decreased spinal flexibility, decreased wall expansion; osteoporosis, spinal stenosis, spine fused
together, kyphosis; severe cases are "bamboo spine"
Ankylosing Spondylitis Medical Diagnostics
clinical manifestations, rib cage expansion, assessment of spinal flexibility
Ankylosing Spondylitis PT implications
fall prevention, positioning, posture, trunk ROM and strengthening; avoid high impact; education
on healthy lifestyle
