NDEB EXAM TEST BANK 2025-2026 1000+
QuESTioNS wiTh 100% corrEcT ANSwErS
AND rATioNAlES AlrEADy grADED A+
HOW TO USE THIS TEST BANK
The NDEB (National Dental Examining Board of Canada) Examination consists of the Assessment
of Fundamental Knowledge (AFK) and the Applied Clinical Knowledge (ACK) examinations . The
AFK is a ~200-question computer-based exam covering basic sciences, clinical dentistry, and
dental public health/ethics . This test bank reflects the structure and difficulty of the actual
NDEB exam .
SECTION 1: ORAL PATHOLOGY & ORAL MEDICINE (Questions 1-150)
Q1. Lichen planus occurs most frequently on which oral site?
A) Buccal mucosa
B) Tongue
C) Floor of the mouth
D) Gingiva
E) Palate
Answer: A) Buccal mucosa
Rationale: Lichen planus most commonly presents on the buccal mucosa bilaterally as white
reticular striations (Wickham striae). It can also affect the tongue and gingiva, but the buccal
mucosa is the most frequent site .
,Q2. What is the most likely diagnosis of a white lesion on the retromolar pad opposing a non-
functional molar?
A) Alveolar ridge keratosis
B) Candidiasis
C) Lichen planus
D) Squamous cell carcinoma
E) Leukoplakia
Answer: A) Alveolar ridge keratosis
Rationale: Alveolar ridge keratosis is a benign hyperkeratotic lesion that typically occurs on the
retromolar pad or alveolar ridge in areas of chronic friction, often opposing non-functional
teeth .
Q3. Which condition has NOT been associated with Candida albicans infection?
A) Median rhomboid glossitis
B) Angular cheilitis
C) Denture stomatitis
D) Aphthous ulcerations
E) Oral hairy leukoplakia
Answer: D) Aphthous ulcerations
Rationale: Aphthous ulcers are immune-mediated and not associated with Candida infection.
Median rhomboid glossitis, angular cheilitis, denture stomatitis, and oral hairy leukoplakia
(particularly in immunocompromised patients) are all associated with Candida albicans .
Q4. Which of the following presents with high serum calcium levels, thinning of cortical bone,
giant cell osteoclasts in the jaw, and drifting teeth?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Hyperparathyroidism
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Hypoparathyroidism
E) Paget disease
Answer: B) Hyperparathyroidism
,Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism causes elevated serum calcium, bone resorption (thinning of
cortical bone), and the presence of giant cell osteoclasts (brown tumors). The classic oral
manifestation includes "floating teeth" or drifting teeth due to loss of lamina dura .
Q5. All of the following conditions are associated with AIDS EXCEPT:
A) Acute marginal periodontitis
B) Hairy leukoplakia
C) Candidiasis
D) Geographic tongue
E) Kaposi sarcoma
Answer: D) Geographic tongue
Rationale: Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis) is not specifically associated with
AIDS. Acute marginal periodontitis (HIV-associated periodontitis), hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis,
and Kaposi sarcoma are all common oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS .
Q6. Which of the following characteristics is common to all types of aphthous ulcers?
A) History of pain
B) Involvement of keratinized mucosa
C) Presence of vesicles
D) Presence of fever
E) Scar formation after healing
Answer: A) History of pain
Rationale: All aphthous ulcers are painful. Minor aphthae heal without scarring, while major
aphthae may scar. They typically occur on non-keratinized mucosa (labial mucosa, buccal
mucosa, floor of mouth, ventral tongue) .
Q7. Hyperplastic lingual tonsils may resemble which of the following?
A) Epulis fissuratum
B) Lingual varicosities
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Median rhomboid glossitis
E) Prominent fungiform papillae
, Answer: C) Squamous cell carcinoma
Rationale: Hyperplastic lingual tonsils can present as a mass on the posterior tongue that may
clinically resemble squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis .
Q8. What is the most likely cause of osteoporosis, glaucoma, hypertension, and peptic ulcers
in a patient?
A) Long-term corticosteroid use
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Vitamin D deficiency
E) Hyperparathyroidism
Answer: A) Long-term corticosteroid use
Rationale: Chronic corticosteroid use causes osteoporosis (bone loss), glaucoma (increased
intraocular pressure), hypertension (fluid retention), and peptic ulcers (gastric irritation). This
constellation of findings is classic for steroid-induced adverse effects .
Q9. Which of the following drugs causes gingival enlargement?
A) Nifedipine
B) Cyclosporine
C) Phenytoin
D) All of the above
E) Prednisolone
Answer: D) All of the above
Rationale: Nifedipine (calcium channel blocker), cyclosporine (immunosuppressant), and
phenytoin (anticonvulsant) all cause gingival overgrowth. Prednisolone does NOT cause gingival
enlargement .
Q10. Which condition is associated with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and elevated
urinary hydroxyproline levels?
A) Fibrous dysplasia
B) Paget disease
QuESTioNS wiTh 100% corrEcT ANSwErS
AND rATioNAlES AlrEADy grADED A+
HOW TO USE THIS TEST BANK
The NDEB (National Dental Examining Board of Canada) Examination consists of the Assessment
of Fundamental Knowledge (AFK) and the Applied Clinical Knowledge (ACK) examinations . The
AFK is a ~200-question computer-based exam covering basic sciences, clinical dentistry, and
dental public health/ethics . This test bank reflects the structure and difficulty of the actual
NDEB exam .
SECTION 1: ORAL PATHOLOGY & ORAL MEDICINE (Questions 1-150)
Q1. Lichen planus occurs most frequently on which oral site?
A) Buccal mucosa
B) Tongue
C) Floor of the mouth
D) Gingiva
E) Palate
Answer: A) Buccal mucosa
Rationale: Lichen planus most commonly presents on the buccal mucosa bilaterally as white
reticular striations (Wickham striae). It can also affect the tongue and gingiva, but the buccal
mucosa is the most frequent site .
,Q2. What is the most likely diagnosis of a white lesion on the retromolar pad opposing a non-
functional molar?
A) Alveolar ridge keratosis
B) Candidiasis
C) Lichen planus
D) Squamous cell carcinoma
E) Leukoplakia
Answer: A) Alveolar ridge keratosis
Rationale: Alveolar ridge keratosis is a benign hyperkeratotic lesion that typically occurs on the
retromolar pad or alveolar ridge in areas of chronic friction, often opposing non-functional
teeth .
Q3. Which condition has NOT been associated with Candida albicans infection?
A) Median rhomboid glossitis
B) Angular cheilitis
C) Denture stomatitis
D) Aphthous ulcerations
E) Oral hairy leukoplakia
Answer: D) Aphthous ulcerations
Rationale: Aphthous ulcers are immune-mediated and not associated with Candida infection.
Median rhomboid glossitis, angular cheilitis, denture stomatitis, and oral hairy leukoplakia
(particularly in immunocompromised patients) are all associated with Candida albicans .
Q4. Which of the following presents with high serum calcium levels, thinning of cortical bone,
giant cell osteoclasts in the jaw, and drifting teeth?
A) Hyperthyroidism
B) Hyperparathyroidism
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Hypoparathyroidism
E) Paget disease
Answer: B) Hyperparathyroidism
,Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism causes elevated serum calcium, bone resorption (thinning of
cortical bone), and the presence of giant cell osteoclasts (brown tumors). The classic oral
manifestation includes "floating teeth" or drifting teeth due to loss of lamina dura .
Q5. All of the following conditions are associated with AIDS EXCEPT:
A) Acute marginal periodontitis
B) Hairy leukoplakia
C) Candidiasis
D) Geographic tongue
E) Kaposi sarcoma
Answer: D) Geographic tongue
Rationale: Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis) is not specifically associated with
AIDS. Acute marginal periodontitis (HIV-associated periodontitis), hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis,
and Kaposi sarcoma are all common oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS .
Q6. Which of the following characteristics is common to all types of aphthous ulcers?
A) History of pain
B) Involvement of keratinized mucosa
C) Presence of vesicles
D) Presence of fever
E) Scar formation after healing
Answer: A) History of pain
Rationale: All aphthous ulcers are painful. Minor aphthae heal without scarring, while major
aphthae may scar. They typically occur on non-keratinized mucosa (labial mucosa, buccal
mucosa, floor of mouth, ventral tongue) .
Q7. Hyperplastic lingual tonsils may resemble which of the following?
A) Epulis fissuratum
B) Lingual varicosities
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Median rhomboid glossitis
E) Prominent fungiform papillae
, Answer: C) Squamous cell carcinoma
Rationale: Hyperplastic lingual tonsils can present as a mass on the posterior tongue that may
clinically resemble squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis .
Q8. What is the most likely cause of osteoporosis, glaucoma, hypertension, and peptic ulcers
in a patient?
A) Long-term corticosteroid use
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Vitamin D deficiency
E) Hyperparathyroidism
Answer: A) Long-term corticosteroid use
Rationale: Chronic corticosteroid use causes osteoporosis (bone loss), glaucoma (increased
intraocular pressure), hypertension (fluid retention), and peptic ulcers (gastric irritation). This
constellation of findings is classic for steroid-induced adverse effects .
Q9. Which of the following drugs causes gingival enlargement?
A) Nifedipine
B) Cyclosporine
C) Phenytoin
D) All of the above
E) Prednisolone
Answer: D) All of the above
Rationale: Nifedipine (calcium channel blocker), cyclosporine (immunosuppressant), and
phenytoin (anticonvulsant) all cause gingival overgrowth. Prednisolone does NOT cause gingival
enlargement .
Q10. Which condition is associated with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and elevated
urinary hydroxyproline levels?
A) Fibrous dysplasia
B) Paget disease
