Biology 1322- Nutrition Questions With Complete Solutions
3 accessory organs Correct Answers Liver, gallbladder, and
pancreas
AMDR for carbohydrates, lipids, and protein Correct Answers
-carbohydrates 45-65% of daily kcals
-fats 20-35% of daily kcals
-Proteins 10-35% of daily kcals
amylase Correct Answers Saliva dissolves small food particles.
It contains the enzyme amylase, which begins to break down
carbohydrates. In adults, no other chemical digestion takes place
in the mouth.
Bicarbonate Correct Answers Neutralizes the acid found in the
chyme (raises the ph) creating a neutral environment. This
protects certain enzymes that would otherwise become inactive
in an acidic environment
bile: were is it made, stored, and its function Correct Answers
bile is made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and it
emulsifies fat in the small intestine.
--bile breaks down large fat globules into smaller fat droplets
much like dishwashing detergent breasts up the grease in a
frying pan. This allows the fat-digesting enzymes to make
contact with the fat and break it down to be absorbed
--Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine
through the bile duct
,bolus Correct Answers Once food has been adequately chewed
and moistened, the tongue rolls it into bolus and it enters the
pharynx to be swallowed
Can sweeteners be part of a healthy diet? Correct Answers
Food manufacturers often use artificially created sugar
substitutes to provide the taste of sugar for fewer kilocalories.
•Must be approved by the FDA
Chyme Correct Answers the semi-liquid, partially digested
food mass that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine
Approximately 1 tsp of chyme leaves the stomach and enters the
small intestine every 30 seconds.•The pyloric sphincter is the
gateway for chyme to enter the small intestine from the stomach.
Chyme Correct Answers The semiliquid, partially digested
food mass that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine
denaturation Correct Answers
Diabetes Correct Answers Diabetes mellitus is a medical
condition in which an individual doesn't have enough insulin or
is resistant to the effects of insulin, which results in a rise in
blood glucose levels.
Dietary Fiber Correct Answers a non-digestible food
component found in the cell walls of plants. Most dietary fiber is
in the form of cellulose, a straight chain of glucose units with a
beta-glycosidic bond that humans lack the enzyme to digest
, Dietary Reference Intakes Correct Answers The DRIs are the
specific amount of each nutrients that one needs to consume to
maintain good health, prevent chronic diseases, and avoid
unhealthy excesses
Differences between the types of diabetes Correct Answers
•Type 1 Diabetes
•Autoimmune disease where the immune system destroys beta
cells of the pancreas
•Type 2 Diabetes
•90 to 95 percent of diabetics
•Produce insulin but have become insulin resistant
Digestive functions of the pancreas Correct Answers The
pancreas is also a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice
containing bicarbonate to neutralize acidity of chyme moving in
from the stomach, as well as digestive enzymes that assist
digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.
These enzymes help to further break down the carbohydrates,
proteins, and lipids in the chyme. The pancreas is also known as
a mixed gland.
disaccharides Correct Answers formed when two
monosaccharides join together through a process called
condensation
emulsification Correct Answers The process that allows a
hydrophobic and hydrophillic to mix
3 accessory organs Correct Answers Liver, gallbladder, and
pancreas
AMDR for carbohydrates, lipids, and protein Correct Answers
-carbohydrates 45-65% of daily kcals
-fats 20-35% of daily kcals
-Proteins 10-35% of daily kcals
amylase Correct Answers Saliva dissolves small food particles.
It contains the enzyme amylase, which begins to break down
carbohydrates. In adults, no other chemical digestion takes place
in the mouth.
Bicarbonate Correct Answers Neutralizes the acid found in the
chyme (raises the ph) creating a neutral environment. This
protects certain enzymes that would otherwise become inactive
in an acidic environment
bile: were is it made, stored, and its function Correct Answers
bile is made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and it
emulsifies fat in the small intestine.
--bile breaks down large fat globules into smaller fat droplets
much like dishwashing detergent breasts up the grease in a
frying pan. This allows the fat-digesting enzymes to make
contact with the fat and break it down to be absorbed
--Bile is released from the gallbladder into the small intestine
through the bile duct
,bolus Correct Answers Once food has been adequately chewed
and moistened, the tongue rolls it into bolus and it enters the
pharynx to be swallowed
Can sweeteners be part of a healthy diet? Correct Answers
Food manufacturers often use artificially created sugar
substitutes to provide the taste of sugar for fewer kilocalories.
•Must be approved by the FDA
Chyme Correct Answers the semi-liquid, partially digested
food mass that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine
Approximately 1 tsp of chyme leaves the stomach and enters the
small intestine every 30 seconds.•The pyloric sphincter is the
gateway for chyme to enter the small intestine from the stomach.
Chyme Correct Answers The semiliquid, partially digested
food mass that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine
denaturation Correct Answers
Diabetes Correct Answers Diabetes mellitus is a medical
condition in which an individual doesn't have enough insulin or
is resistant to the effects of insulin, which results in a rise in
blood glucose levels.
Dietary Fiber Correct Answers a non-digestible food
component found in the cell walls of plants. Most dietary fiber is
in the form of cellulose, a straight chain of glucose units with a
beta-glycosidic bond that humans lack the enzyme to digest
, Dietary Reference Intakes Correct Answers The DRIs are the
specific amount of each nutrients that one needs to consume to
maintain good health, prevent chronic diseases, and avoid
unhealthy excesses
Differences between the types of diabetes Correct Answers
•Type 1 Diabetes
•Autoimmune disease where the immune system destroys beta
cells of the pancreas
•Type 2 Diabetes
•90 to 95 percent of diabetics
•Produce insulin but have become insulin resistant
Digestive functions of the pancreas Correct Answers The
pancreas is also a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice
containing bicarbonate to neutralize acidity of chyme moving in
from the stomach, as well as digestive enzymes that assist
digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.
These enzymes help to further break down the carbohydrates,
proteins, and lipids in the chyme. The pancreas is also known as
a mixed gland.
disaccharides Correct Answers formed when two
monosaccharides join together through a process called
condensation
emulsification Correct Answers The process that allows a
hydrophobic and hydrophillic to mix
