NLN Pharmacology Review Questions
With Correct Answers
Administration Routes: |
Sublingual Administration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ absorbed in
| | | | | | |
mucosa of oral cavities
| | | |
□ rapid onset of action
| | | | |
□ Place tablet on floor of mouth, close mouth. Do not swallow, hold
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
under tongue until dissolve.
| | | |
□ Use spray on floor of mouth under tongue and close mouth.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Buccal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ place tablet between gum and cheek
| | | | | | | | | |
near back of mouth, close mouth and keep in place until dissolve
| | | | | | | | | | | |
□ slower to dissolve and absorb than sublingual
| | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Intramuscular Injections - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Given in the vastus
| | | | | | | | |
lateralis in children up to 3
| | | | | |
□ Spread skin taught to bring muscle near surface of skin, with dart-like
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
motion insert needle at 90 degrees
| | | | | |
,□ Aspirate to determine if needle enter a blood vessel. If there is blood
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
return discard the needle and meds and start procedure over
| | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
NGtube/Gtube - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ NG usually temporary; G- | | | | | | |
tube for longer term
| | | |
□ Follow instructions re crushing, dissolving medication - no sustained
| | | | | | | | | |
release meds |
Administration Routes: |
Eye Drop Administration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ (1)Clean exudates
| | | | | | | |
from eye; (2) tilt head toward side of affected eye; (3) pull lower eyelid
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
down; (4) have pt. look up; (5) instill drops in conjunctival sac formed by
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
lower lid (not onto the eye); (6) Apply gentle pressure for 30 sec to 1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
min over inner cantus next to nose (this prevents absorption through
| | | | | | | | | | |
the tear duct and drainage of the medication). Close eyes gently
| | | | | | | | | | |
massage the eyes to distribute the meds.
| | | | | | |
□ Slow absorption except in infants where they readily absorb
| | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Eye Ointment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Same as eye drop except it is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
expressed directly into the conjunctival sac from the inner canthus to
| | | | | | | | | | |
the outer canthus. Close eyes and gently massage to distribute the
| | | | | | | | | | |
medication
,Definition: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | |
Definition:
Agranulocytosis / Neutropenia / agranulocytopenia - CORRECT | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-□ Definition: Acute decrease in the number of | | | | | | | |
granulocytes/leukopenia (WBC) in peripheral blood | | | | |
□ Causes include: treatment with broad spectrum PCN, sulfonamides or
| | | | | | | | | |
cephalosporin (piperacillin, tazobactam, cetazidime, ticarcillin,
| | | | |
gentamycin), bone marrow transplant, chemotherapy, radiation.
| | | | | |
□ Generally is impaired resulting from bone marrow depression by
| | | | | | | | | |
drugs and chemicals or replacement by a neoplasm(oral lesion, ulcer
| | | | | | | | | |
necrotic, gingivitis, buccal mucosa
| | | |
□ Lymphadenopathy, lymphadenitis may be prevalent.
| | | | | |
□ Could lead to respiratory infection, ulceration of mouth colon, high
| | | | | | | | | | |
fever, UTI. But may be asymptomatic
| | | | |
Definition:
Chelating Agents - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ A form of detoxification
| | | | | | | | |
□ Chelating therapy involves an injection or oral administration of
| | | | | | | | | |
ethylene diamine Tetra acetic avide (a synthetic amino acid which
| | | | | | | | | |
attaches to toxic substance such as lead, cadmium, aluminum and other
| | | | | | | | | | |
metal in the blood to facilitate their removal from the body.)
| | | | | | | | | | |
, □ May be used to treat hardening of the arteries, heart attack, stroke,
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
arthritis and gangrene because of its ability to remove excess calcium
| | | | | | | | | | |
from the body.
| |
Definition:
EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Use
| | | | | | |
in children with lead level between 45&70 micron/dl.
| | | | | | | |
□ EDTA binds to lead in blood and excreted by the bowel and kidney.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
EDTA may be toxic to kidney. Monitor urine output.
| | | | | | | | |
□ GIVE THIS BY IV. Dose depends on weight of child, severity of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
poison. Agent is given every 4 hours for 5 days. A second course may be
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
needed if there is a rebound in the blood level. Give oral and IV fluid to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
enhance excretion | |
□ Do not use EDTA with hypocalcemia or hypokalemia.
| | | | | | | | |
OTHER AGENTS | |
□ British antiLewisite (BAL) does not give with iron supplement and
| | | | | | | | | | |
avoid in pt. with plant allergy. Give this by IM
| | | | | | | | | |
□ Succimer (Chemer)
| | |
□ Chemet - oral medication - Do not give in pt. with encephalopathy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Definition:
Epixtaxis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Nose bleed. Can be anterior or
| | | | | | | | | |
posterior. Posterior is more serious. | | | | |
With Correct Answers
Administration Routes: |
Sublingual Administration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ absorbed in
| | | | | | |
mucosa of oral cavities
| | | |
□ rapid onset of action
| | | | |
□ Place tablet on floor of mouth, close mouth. Do not swallow, hold
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
under tongue until dissolve.
| | | |
□ Use spray on floor of mouth under tongue and close mouth.
| | | | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Buccal - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ place tablet between gum and cheek
| | | | | | | | | |
near back of mouth, close mouth and keep in place until dissolve
| | | | | | | | | | | |
□ slower to dissolve and absorb than sublingual
| | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Intramuscular Injections - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Given in the vastus
| | | | | | | | |
lateralis in children up to 3
| | | | | |
□ Spread skin taught to bring muscle near surface of skin, with dart-like
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
motion insert needle at 90 degrees
| | | | | |
,□ Aspirate to determine if needle enter a blood vessel. If there is blood
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
return discard the needle and meds and start procedure over
| | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
NGtube/Gtube - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ NG usually temporary; G- | | | | | | |
tube for longer term
| | | |
□ Follow instructions re crushing, dissolving medication - no sustained
| | | | | | | | | |
release meds |
Administration Routes: |
Eye Drop Administration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ (1)Clean exudates
| | | | | | | |
from eye; (2) tilt head toward side of affected eye; (3) pull lower eyelid
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
down; (4) have pt. look up; (5) instill drops in conjunctival sac formed by
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
lower lid (not onto the eye); (6) Apply gentle pressure for 30 sec to 1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
min over inner cantus next to nose (this prevents absorption through
| | | | | | | | | | |
the tear duct and drainage of the medication). Close eyes gently
| | | | | | | | | | |
massage the eyes to distribute the meds.
| | | | | | |
□ Slow absorption except in infants where they readily absorb
| | | | | | | | |
Administration Routes: |
Eye Ointment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Same as eye drop except it is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
expressed directly into the conjunctival sac from the inner canthus to
| | | | | | | | | | |
the outer canthus. Close eyes and gently massage to distribute the
| | | | | | | | | | |
medication
,Definition: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | |
Definition:
Agranulocytosis / Neutropenia / agranulocytopenia - CORRECT | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-□ Definition: Acute decrease in the number of | | | | | | | |
granulocytes/leukopenia (WBC) in peripheral blood | | | | |
□ Causes include: treatment with broad spectrum PCN, sulfonamides or
| | | | | | | | | |
cephalosporin (piperacillin, tazobactam, cetazidime, ticarcillin,
| | | | |
gentamycin), bone marrow transplant, chemotherapy, radiation.
| | | | | |
□ Generally is impaired resulting from bone marrow depression by
| | | | | | | | | |
drugs and chemicals or replacement by a neoplasm(oral lesion, ulcer
| | | | | | | | | |
necrotic, gingivitis, buccal mucosa
| | | |
□ Lymphadenopathy, lymphadenitis may be prevalent.
| | | | | |
□ Could lead to respiratory infection, ulceration of mouth colon, high
| | | | | | | | | | |
fever, UTI. But may be asymptomatic
| | | | |
Definition:
Chelating Agents - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ A form of detoxification
| | | | | | | | |
□ Chelating therapy involves an injection or oral administration of
| | | | | | | | | |
ethylene diamine Tetra acetic avide (a synthetic amino acid which
| | | | | | | | | |
attaches to toxic substance such as lead, cadmium, aluminum and other
| | | | | | | | | | |
metal in the blood to facilitate their removal from the body.)
| | | | | | | | | | |
, □ May be used to treat hardening of the arteries, heart attack, stroke,
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
arthritis and gangrene because of its ability to remove excess calcium
| | | | | | | | | | |
from the body.
| |
Definition:
EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Use
| | | | | | |
in children with lead level between 45&70 micron/dl.
| | | | | | | |
□ EDTA binds to lead in blood and excreted by the bowel and kidney.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
EDTA may be toxic to kidney. Monitor urine output.
| | | | | | | | |
□ GIVE THIS BY IV. Dose depends on weight of child, severity of the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
poison. Agent is given every 4 hours for 5 days. A second course may be
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
needed if there is a rebound in the blood level. Give oral and IV fluid to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
enhance excretion | |
□ Do not use EDTA with hypocalcemia or hypokalemia.
| | | | | | | | |
OTHER AGENTS | |
□ British antiLewisite (BAL) does not give with iron supplement and
| | | | | | | | | | |
avoid in pt. with plant allergy. Give this by IM
| | | | | | | | | |
□ Succimer (Chemer)
| | |
□ Chemet - oral medication - Do not give in pt. with encephalopathy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Definition:
Epixtaxis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-□ Nose bleed. Can be anterior or
| | | | | | | | | |
posterior. Posterior is more serious. | | | | |
