OSAT Science || Faultless Answers 100%.
Size and age of the universe correct answers 93 billion light years across (Milky Way=100,000)
13 billion years old
What is the gas and dust in the space between a galaxy's stars called? correct answers Interstellar
Medium (ISM)
What is the name of the galaxy closest to the Milky Way? correct answers Andromeda
How many estimated galaxies are there? correct answers 100 billion
Terrestrial planets correct answers have a compact, rocky surface
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Jovian Planets correct answers Gas giants
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Definition of a planet correct answers 1. orbits around a star
2. spherical due to gravitational pull
3. it has "cleared" the space of its orbit
How a star is formed correct answers Nebula: a cloud of dust and gas that are
pulled together by gravity.
The gravity produces great heat, when hot
enough, nuclear fusion occurs which
causes hydrogen protons to join together
,producing the massive energy just as our
sun does.
What is the stable stage of a star called? correct answers Main sequence
Color of stars are their relative heat correct answers hottest stars are blue-white
medium hot glow yellow like our sun
cooler stars appear orange
Parts of a star correct answers Core--where fusion happens
Photosphere (surface)--produces sunspots (cool, dark ares)
Chromosphere--red, emits solar flares and shooting gases
Corona--the transparent area only seen during an eclipse
Comets vs asteroids vs meteoroid vs meteors vs meteorite correct answers Comets--celestial
bodies composed of dust, rock, frozen gases, and ice
Asteroids--irregularly-shaped boulders, usually less than 60 miles in diameter, that orbit the sun
Meteoroids--fragments of asteroids
Meteors--meteoroids that pass through Earth's atmosphere
Meteorites--meteors that hit the ground
Laws of Thermodynamics correct answers 0) two objects in thermodynamic equilibrium with a
third object are also in equilibrium with each other
1) energy can not be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another,
2) entropy of an isolated system can only increase. Heat is not transferred from a lower-
temperature system to a higher-temperature one unless additional work is done
3) as temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a constant minimum (a system
cannot be cooled to absolute zero)
, Heat vs. Temperature correct answers Heat is energy transfer from one body or system to another
due to thermal contact
Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Mass vs weight correct answers Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter something
contains, while Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.
Density correct answers Mass per unit volume
D=m/v
Specific gravity correct answers measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the
density of water
Thermal contact correct answers Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work; can
exchange energy with it through the process of heat transfer; does not necessarily involve direct
physical contact
Flow of electric current correct answers -a charge within an electrical field has potential
-a force is required to move a charge from a low to high potential
-current flows downhill (high to low potential) but does not flow when in equilibrium
Magnetic field correct answers a region of space near a magnet, electric current, or moving
charged particle in which a magnetic force acts on any other magnet, electric current, or moving
charged particle
*the motion of subatomic structures (nuclei and electrons) produce a magnetic field
*can be formed b electric current flowing through a wire (ex. put an iron bar in the coil, when the
current is flowing, the bar is magnetized)
Size and age of the universe correct answers 93 billion light years across (Milky Way=100,000)
13 billion years old
What is the gas and dust in the space between a galaxy's stars called? correct answers Interstellar
Medium (ISM)
What is the name of the galaxy closest to the Milky Way? correct answers Andromeda
How many estimated galaxies are there? correct answers 100 billion
Terrestrial planets correct answers have a compact, rocky surface
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Jovian Planets correct answers Gas giants
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Definition of a planet correct answers 1. orbits around a star
2. spherical due to gravitational pull
3. it has "cleared" the space of its orbit
How a star is formed correct answers Nebula: a cloud of dust and gas that are
pulled together by gravity.
The gravity produces great heat, when hot
enough, nuclear fusion occurs which
causes hydrogen protons to join together
,producing the massive energy just as our
sun does.
What is the stable stage of a star called? correct answers Main sequence
Color of stars are their relative heat correct answers hottest stars are blue-white
medium hot glow yellow like our sun
cooler stars appear orange
Parts of a star correct answers Core--where fusion happens
Photosphere (surface)--produces sunspots (cool, dark ares)
Chromosphere--red, emits solar flares and shooting gases
Corona--the transparent area only seen during an eclipse
Comets vs asteroids vs meteoroid vs meteors vs meteorite correct answers Comets--celestial
bodies composed of dust, rock, frozen gases, and ice
Asteroids--irregularly-shaped boulders, usually less than 60 miles in diameter, that orbit the sun
Meteoroids--fragments of asteroids
Meteors--meteoroids that pass through Earth's atmosphere
Meteorites--meteors that hit the ground
Laws of Thermodynamics correct answers 0) two objects in thermodynamic equilibrium with a
third object are also in equilibrium with each other
1) energy can not be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another,
2) entropy of an isolated system can only increase. Heat is not transferred from a lower-
temperature system to a higher-temperature one unless additional work is done
3) as temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a constant minimum (a system
cannot be cooled to absolute zero)
, Heat vs. Temperature correct answers Heat is energy transfer from one body or system to another
due to thermal contact
Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
Mass vs weight correct answers Mass is a measurement of the amount of matter something
contains, while Weight is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object.
Density correct answers Mass per unit volume
D=m/v
Specific gravity correct answers measure of the ratio of a substance's density compared to the
density of water
Thermal contact correct answers Energy transferred to a body by a means other than work; can
exchange energy with it through the process of heat transfer; does not necessarily involve direct
physical contact
Flow of electric current correct answers -a charge within an electrical field has potential
-a force is required to move a charge from a low to high potential
-current flows downhill (high to low potential) but does not flow when in equilibrium
Magnetic field correct answers a region of space near a magnet, electric current, or moving
charged particle in which a magnetic force acts on any other magnet, electric current, or moving
charged particle
*the motion of subatomic structures (nuclei and electrons) produce a magnetic field
*can be formed b electric current flowing through a wire (ex. put an iron bar in the coil, when the
current is flowing, the bar is magnetized)
