ANP 1106 - Midterm 1 Review: Key Concepts in
Anatomy university of ottawa
ANP 1106 - midterm 1 review
Anatomical terms
Define the anatomical position, the regional and the directional terms, as well as planes and
sections
Standard anatomical position :
- To describe the body/positions precisely
- Initial reference point = standard anatomical position
- Indication of direction (right and left refer to patient not
observer)
- Important because needs to be universal way to describe
body
- Standard anatomical position :
➢ Body erect
➢ Feet slightly apart
➢ Palms face forward with thumbs pointing away
from body (in lateral position)
- Any deviation is NOT the anatomical position
Anatomical orientation and directional terms :
,
, - Lateral view : terms occur in pairs
➢ Cranial & caudal (lower)
➢ Posterior and anterior (can be used interchangeably with dorsal & ventral)
- Anterior view : proximal and distal used to define structures on limbs
➢ Ex : shoulder more proximal because closer to attachment to body, relative to
elbow which is more distal
Regional terms :
2 fundamental divisions of body :
- Axial part : head, neck & trunk –»
- Appendicular part : appendages or limbs attached to axis –»
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, Body planes & sections :
3 common body planes - 2 vertical & 1 horizontal
Sagittal plane Frontal plane Transverse plane
-Vertical - Vertical -Horizontal
-Divides body in right and -Divides body in anterior -Divides in superior and
left and posterior inferior
-Not in halves bc not -Also called coronal plane -Transverse section = cross
identical section
-Parasagittal plane = off
center, around middle
Oblique section : any section not taken at a 90 degree angle
Describe the body cavities
Dorsal body cavity :
- Cranial cavity : enclosed by bones & cranium and houses the brain
- Vertebral (spinal) cavity : enclosed by the vertebrae and houses the spinal cord
- Both cavities are continuous and well protected
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Anatomy university of ottawa
ANP 1106 - midterm 1 review
Anatomical terms
Define the anatomical position, the regional and the directional terms, as well as planes and
sections
Standard anatomical position :
- To describe the body/positions precisely
- Initial reference point = standard anatomical position
- Indication of direction (right and left refer to patient not
observer)
- Important because needs to be universal way to describe
body
- Standard anatomical position :
➢ Body erect
➢ Feet slightly apart
➢ Palms face forward with thumbs pointing away
from body (in lateral position)
- Any deviation is NOT the anatomical position
Anatomical orientation and directional terms :
,
, - Lateral view : terms occur in pairs
➢ Cranial & caudal (lower)
➢ Posterior and anterior (can be used interchangeably with dorsal & ventral)
- Anterior view : proximal and distal used to define structures on limbs
➢ Ex : shoulder more proximal because closer to attachment to body, relative to
elbow which is more distal
Regional terms :
2 fundamental divisions of body :
- Axial part : head, neck & trunk –»
- Appendicular part : appendages or limbs attached to axis –»
messages.downloaded_by
, Body planes & sections :
3 common body planes - 2 vertical & 1 horizontal
Sagittal plane Frontal plane Transverse plane
-Vertical - Vertical -Horizontal
-Divides body in right and -Divides body in anterior -Divides in superior and
left and posterior inferior
-Not in halves bc not -Also called coronal plane -Transverse section = cross
identical section
-Parasagittal plane = off
center, around middle
Oblique section : any section not taken at a 90 degree angle
Describe the body cavities
Dorsal body cavity :
- Cranial cavity : enclosed by bones & cranium and houses the brain
- Vertebral (spinal) cavity : enclosed by the vertebrae and houses the spinal cord
- Both cavities are continuous and well protected
messages.downloaded_by
