Chapterv01:vHealthvDefined:vObjectivesvforvPromotionvandvPreventionv
Edelman:vHealthvPromotionvThroughoutvthevLifevSpan,v8thvEdition
MULTIPLEvCHOICE
1. vWhichvmodelvofvhealthvisvmostvlikelyvusedvbyvavpersonvwho vdoesvnotvbelieve vinvpreventive vhealthvcare?
a. Clinicalvmodel
b. Rolevperformancevmodel
c. Adaptivevmodel
d. Eudaimonisticvmodel
ANS:v A
Thevclinicalvmodelvofvhealthvviewsvthevabsencevofvsignsvandvsymptomsvofvdiseasevasvindicativevofvhealth.vPeoplev
whovusevthisvmodelvwaitvuntilvtheyvarevveryvsickvtovseekvcare.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v3
2. Avpersonvwithvchronicvbackvpainvisvcaredvforvbyvhervprimaryvcarevprovidervasvwellvasvreceivesv
acupuncture.vWhichvmodelvofvhealthvdoesvthisvpersonvlikelyvfavor?
a. Clinicalvmodel
b. Rolevperformancevmodel
c. Adaptivevmodel
d. Eudaimonisticvmodel
ANS:v D
Theveudaimonisticvmodelvembodiesvthevinteractionvandvinterrelationshipsvamongvphysical,vsocial,vpsychological,v
andvspiritualvaspectsvofvlifevandvthevenvironmentvinvgoalvattainmentvandvcreatingvmeaningvinvlife.vPractitionersvwh
ovpracticevthevclinicalvmodelvmayvnotvbevenoughvforvsomeonevwhovbelievesvinvtheveudaimonisticvmodel.vThosevwh
ovbelievevinvtheveudaimonisticvmodelvoftenvlookvforvalternativevprovidersvofvcare.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v3
3. Avstatevofvphysical,vmental,vspiritual,vandvsocialvfunctioningvthatvrealizesvavperson’svpotentialvandvisv
experiencedvwithinvavdevelopmentalvcontextvisvknownvas:
a. growthvandvdevelopment.
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-levelvwellness.
ANS:v B
Healthvisvdefinedvasvavstatevofvphysical,vmental,vspiritual,vandvsocialvfunctioningvthatvrealizesvavperson’svpotentialvan
dvisvexperiencedvwithinvavdevelopmentalvcontext.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v5
4. Whichvofvthevfollowingvbestvdescribesvavclientvwhovhasvanvillness?
a. Someonevwhovhasvwell-controlledvdiabetes
b. Someonevwithvhypercholesterolemia
c. Someonevwithvavheadache
d. Someonevwithvcoronaryvarteryvdiseasevwithoutv
anginavANS:v C
, Someonevwithvavheadachevrepresentsvavpersonvwithvanvillness.vAnvillnessvisvmadevupvofvthevsubjectivevexperiencev
ofvthevindividualvandvthevphysicalvmanifestationvofvdisease.vItvcanvbevdescribedvasvavresponsevcharacterizedvbyvav
mismatchvbetweenvavperson’svneedsvandvthevresourcesvavailablevtovmeetvthosevneeds.vAvpersonvcanvhavevavdiseasev
withoutvfeelingvill.vThevothervchoicesvrepresentvdisease.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vAnalyzev(Analysis) REF: p.v6
5. WhichvUSvreportvisvconsideredvavlandmarkvdocumentvinvcreatingvavglobalvapproachvtovhealth?
a. Thev1990vHealthvObjectivesvforvthevNation:vAvMidcoursevReview
b. HealthyvPeoplev2020
c. HealthyvPeoplev2000
d. ThevU.S.vSurgeonvGeneralvReport
ANS:v C
HealthyvPeoplev2000vandvitsvMidcoursevReviewvandv1995vRevisionsvwerevlandmarkvdocumentsvinvwhichvavconso
rtiumvofvpeoplevrepresentingvnationalvorganizationsvworkedvwithvUSvPublicvHealthvServicevofficialsvtovcreatevavm
orevglobalvapproachvtovhealth.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v6
6. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvprimaryvprevention?
a. Informationalvsessionvaboutvhealthyvlifestyles
b. Bloodvpressurevscreening
c. Interventionalvcardiacvcatheterization
d. Diagnosticvcardiacvcatheterization
ANS:v A
Primaryvpreventionvprecedesvdiseasevorvdysfunction.vItvincludesvhealthvpromotionvandvspecificvprotectionvandven
couragesvincreasedvawareness;vthus,veducationvaboutvhealthyvlifestylesvfitsvthisvdefinition.vBloodvpressurevscreen
ingvdoesvnotvpreventvdisease,vbutvinsteadvidentifiesvit.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v11
7. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvsecondaryvprevention?
a. Self–breastvexaminationveducation
b. Yearlyvmammograms
c. Chemotherapyvforvadvancedvbreastvcancer
d. Completevmastectomyvforvbreastvcancer
ANS:v B
Screeningvisvsecondaryvpreventionvbecausevthevprincipalvgoalvofvscreeningsvisvtovidentifyvindividualsvinvanvearly,v
detectablevstagevofvthevdiseasevprocess.vAvmammogramvisvavscreeningvtoolvforvbreastvcancervandvthusvisvconsider
edvavmethodvofvsecondaryvprevention.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
8. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvtertiaryvprevention?
a. Drunkvdrivingvcampaign
b. Roadvblocksvforvdrunkvdriving
c. Emergencyvsurgeryvforvheadvtraumavaftervavmotorvvehiclevaccident
d. Physicalvandvoccupationalvtherapyvaftervavmotorvvehiclevaccidentvwithvheadv
traumavANS:v D
, Physicalvtherapyvandvoccupationalvtherapyvarevconsideredvtertiaryvprevention.vTertiaryvpreventionvoccursvwhenvav
defectvorvdisabilityvisvpermanentvandvirreversible.vItvinvolvesvminimizingvtheveffectvofvdiseasevandvdisability.vThev
objectivevofvtertiaryvpreventionvisvtovmaximizevremainingvcapacities.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
9. Invreviewingvavperson’svmedicalvclaims,vavnursevrealizesvthatvthevindividualvwithvmoderatevpersistentvasthmavhasv
hadvseveralvemergencyvdepartmentvvisitsvandvisvnotvonvinhaledvsteroidsvasvrecommendedvbyvthevNHLBIvasthma
vmanagementvguidelines. vThevnursevdiscussesvthisvwithvthevperson’svprimaryvcare vprovider.vInvthisvscenario, vthev
nursevisvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v B
Carev managersv actv tov preventv duplicationv ofv servicev andv reducev cost.v Carev managersv basev recommendationv
onvreliablevdatavsourcesvsuchvasvevidence-basedvpracticesvandvprotocols.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
10. Duringvavhomevvisit,vavnursevassistsvanvindividualvtovcompletevanvapplicationvforvdisabilityvservices.vThevnursev
isvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v A
Thevadvocacyvrolevofvthevnursevhelpsvindividualsvobtainvwhatvtheyvareventitledvtovreceivevfromvthevhealthvcarev
system,vtriesvtovmakevthevsystemvmorevresponsivevtovindividuals’vcommunityvneeds,vandvassistsvindividualsvinv
developingvskillsvtovadvocatevforvthemselves.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
11. Duringvavhomevvisit,vavnursevdiscussesvthevdangersvofvsmokingvwithvanvindividual.vInvthisvscenariovthevnursev
isvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v D
Healthveducationvisvavprimaryvpreventionvtechniquevavailablevtovavoidvmajorvcausesvofvdisease.vTeachingvcanv
rangevfromvavchancevremarkvtovavplannedvlesson.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
12. Avnursevisvaskedvtovprovidevanvexpertvopinionvaboutvthevdevelopmentvofvanveducationvprogramvforv
newlyvdiagnosedvdiabetics.vInvthisvscenario,vthevnursevisvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
, ANS:v C
Nursesvwithvavspecializedvareavofvexpertisevprovideveducationvaboutvhealthvpromotionvandvdiseasevpreventionvtov
individualsvandvgroupsvasvconsultants.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
13. Avnursevisvplanningvtovdelivervanveducationalvprogramvtovindividualsvwithvdiabetes.vWhichvofvthev
followingvshouldvbevthevinitialvactionvtakenvbyvthevnursevtovensurevthevsuccessvofvthevprogram?
a. Assessvthevmotivationvlevelvofvthevindividuals
b. Assessvthevknowledgevlevelvofvthevindividuals
c. Establishvteacher-learnervgoalsvwithvthevindividuals
d. Establishvmultiplevteachingvsessionsvwithvthevindividuals
ANS:v B
Selectionvofvthevmethodsvmostvlikelyvtovsucceedvinvolvesvthevestablishmentvofvteacher-
learnervgoals.vThus,vthevfirstvstepvbyvthevnursevshouldvbevestablishmentvofvgoals.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vAnalyzev(Analysis) REF: p.v16
14. Thevconscientious,vexplicit,vandvjudiciousvusevofvcurrentvbestvevidencevinvmakingvdecisionsvaboutvthevcarev
ofvindividualsvisvknownvas:
a. health-relatedvqualityvofvlife.
b. evidence-basedvpractice.
c. avHealthyvPeoplev2010vgoal.
d. thevecologicalvmodelvofvhealth.
ANS:v B
Evidence-
basedvpracticevisvdefinedvasvthevconscientious,vexplicit,vandvjudiciousvusevofvcurrentvbestvevidencevinvmakingvdeci
sionsvaboutvthevcarevofvindividuals.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v16
15. Whichvresearchvmethodologyvshouldvbevusedvtovaddressvthevquestion,v“Whatvisvthevdifferencevinvthevinfect
ionvratesvbetweenvindividualsvwhovreceivevtwice-a-dayvdressingvchangesvversusvonce-a-
dayvdressingvchanges?”
a. Evidence-basedvpracticevresearch
b. Qualitativevresearch
c. Quantitativevresearch
d. Clinicalvjudgmentvresearch
ANS:v C
Quantitativevresearchvstudiesvdescribevsituations,vcorrelatevdifferentvvariablesvrelatedvtovcare,vorvtestvcausalvrelati
onshipsvamongvvariablesvrelatedvtovcare.vEvidence-
basedvpracticevresearchvandvclinicalvjudgmentvresearchvarevnotvresearchvmethodologies;vtheyvarevusedvtovanswerv
clinicalvquestions.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
16. Thevquestion,v“Whatvisvthevexperiencevofvteenagersvwhovlosevavsiblingvtovcancer?”vcanvbestvbevansweredvbyv
usingvwhichvresearchvmethodology?
a. Evidence-basedvpracticevresearch
b. Qualitativevresearch
c. Quantitativevresearch
d. Clinicalvjudgmentvresearchv
ANS:v B
Edelman:vHealthvPromotionvThroughoutvthevLifevSpan,v8thvEdition
MULTIPLEvCHOICE
1. vWhichvmodelvofvhealthvisvmostvlikelyvusedvbyvavpersonvwho vdoesvnotvbelieve vinvpreventive vhealthvcare?
a. Clinicalvmodel
b. Rolevperformancevmodel
c. Adaptivevmodel
d. Eudaimonisticvmodel
ANS:v A
Thevclinicalvmodelvofvhealthvviewsvthevabsencevofvsignsvandvsymptomsvofvdiseasevasvindicativevofvhealth.vPeoplev
whovusevthisvmodelvwaitvuntilvtheyvarevveryvsickvtovseekvcare.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v3
2. Avpersonvwithvchronicvbackvpainvisvcaredvforvbyvhervprimaryvcarevprovidervasvwellvasvreceivesv
acupuncture.vWhichvmodelvofvhealthvdoesvthisvpersonvlikelyvfavor?
a. Clinicalvmodel
b. Rolevperformancevmodel
c. Adaptivevmodel
d. Eudaimonisticvmodel
ANS:v D
Theveudaimonisticvmodelvembodiesvthevinteractionvandvinterrelationshipsvamongvphysical,vsocial,vpsychological,v
andvspiritualvaspectsvofvlifevandvthevenvironmentvinvgoalvattainmentvandvcreatingvmeaningvinvlife.vPractitionersvwh
ovpracticevthevclinicalvmodelvmayvnotvbevenoughvforvsomeonevwhovbelievesvinvtheveudaimonisticvmodel.vThosevwh
ovbelievevinvtheveudaimonisticvmodelvoftenvlookvforvalternativevprovidersvofvcare.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v3
3. Avstatevofvphysical,vmental,vspiritual,vandvsocialvfunctioningvthatvrealizesvavperson’svpotentialvandvisv
experiencedvwithinvavdevelopmentalvcontextvisvknownvas:
a. growthvandvdevelopment.
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-levelvwellness.
ANS:v B
Healthvisvdefinedvasvavstatevofvphysical,vmental,vspiritual,vandvsocialvfunctioningvthatvrealizesvavperson’svpotentialvan
dvisvexperiencedvwithinvavdevelopmentalvcontext.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v5
4. Whichvofvthevfollowingvbestvdescribesvavclientvwhovhasvanvillness?
a. Someonevwhovhasvwell-controlledvdiabetes
b. Someonevwithvhypercholesterolemia
c. Someonevwithvavheadache
d. Someonevwithvcoronaryvarteryvdiseasevwithoutv
anginavANS:v C
, Someonevwithvavheadachevrepresentsvavpersonvwithvanvillness.vAnvillnessvisvmadevupvofvthevsubjectivevexperiencev
ofvthevindividualvandvthevphysicalvmanifestationvofvdisease.vItvcanvbevdescribedvasvavresponsevcharacterizedvbyvav
mismatchvbetweenvavperson’svneedsvandvthevresourcesvavailablevtovmeetvthosevneeds.vAvpersonvcanvhavevavdiseasev
withoutvfeelingvill.vThevothervchoicesvrepresentvdisease.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vAnalyzev(Analysis) REF: p.v6
5. WhichvUSvreportvisvconsideredvavlandmarkvdocumentvinvcreatingvavglobalvapproachvtovhealth?
a. Thev1990vHealthvObjectivesvforvthevNation:vAvMidcoursevReview
b. HealthyvPeoplev2020
c. HealthyvPeoplev2000
d. ThevU.S.vSurgeonvGeneralvReport
ANS:v C
HealthyvPeoplev2000vandvitsvMidcoursevReviewvandv1995vRevisionsvwerevlandmarkvdocumentsvinvwhichvavconso
rtiumvofvpeoplevrepresentingvnationalvorganizationsvworkedvwithvUSvPublicvHealthvServicevofficialsvtovcreatevavm
orevglobalvapproachvtovhealth.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v6
6. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvprimaryvprevention?
a. Informationalvsessionvaboutvhealthyvlifestyles
b. Bloodvpressurevscreening
c. Interventionalvcardiacvcatheterization
d. Diagnosticvcardiacvcatheterization
ANS:v A
Primaryvpreventionvprecedesvdiseasevorvdysfunction.vItvincludesvhealthvpromotionvandvspecificvprotectionvandven
couragesvincreasedvawareness;vthus,veducationvaboutvhealthyvlifestylesvfitsvthisvdefinition.vBloodvpressurevscreen
ingvdoesvnotvpreventvdisease,vbutvinsteadvidentifiesvit.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v11
7. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvsecondaryvprevention?
a. Self–breastvexaminationveducation
b. Yearlyvmammograms
c. Chemotherapyvforvadvancedvbreastvcancer
d. Completevmastectomyvforvbreastvcancer
ANS:v B
Screeningvisvsecondaryvpreventionvbecausevthevprincipalvgoalvofvscreeningsvisvtovidentifyvindividualsvinvanvearly,v
detectablevstagevofvthevdiseasevprocess.vAvmammogramvisvavscreeningvtoolvforvbreastvcancervandvthusvisvconsider
edvavmethodvofvsecondaryvprevention.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
8. Whichvofvthevfollowingvrepresentsvavmethodvofvtertiaryvprevention?
a. Drunkvdrivingvcampaign
b. Roadvblocksvforvdrunkvdriving
c. Emergencyvsurgeryvforvheadvtraumavaftervavmotorvvehiclevaccident
d. Physicalvandvoccupationalvtherapyvaftervavmotorvvehiclevaccidentvwithvheadv
traumavANS:v D
, Physicalvtherapyvandvoccupationalvtherapyvarevconsideredvtertiaryvprevention.vTertiaryvpreventionvoccursvwhenvav
defectvorvdisabilityvisvpermanentvandvirreversible.vItvinvolvesvminimizingvtheveffectvofvdiseasevandvdisability.vThev
objectivevofvtertiaryvpreventionvisvtovmaximizevremainingvcapacities.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
9. Invreviewingvavperson’svmedicalvclaims,vavnursevrealizesvthatvthevindividualvwithvmoderatevpersistentvasthmavhasv
hadvseveralvemergencyvdepartmentvvisitsvandvisvnotvonvinhaledvsteroidsvasvrecommendedvbyvthevNHLBIvasthma
vmanagementvguidelines. vThevnursevdiscussesvthisvwithvthevperson’svprimaryvcare vprovider.vInvthisvscenario, vthev
nursevisvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v B
Carev managersv actv tov preventv duplicationv ofv servicev andv reducev cost.v Carev managersv basev recommendationv
onvreliablevdatavsourcesvsuchvasvevidence-basedvpracticesvandvprotocols.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
10. Duringvavhomevvisit,vavnursevassistsvanvindividualvtovcompletevanvapplicationvforvdisabilityvservices.vThevnursev
isvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v A
Thevadvocacyvrolevofvthevnursevhelpsvindividualsvobtainvwhatvtheyvareventitledvtovreceivevfromvthevhealthvcarev
system,vtriesvtovmakevthevsystemvmorevresponsivevtovindividuals’vcommunityvneeds,vandvassistsvindividualsvinv
developingvskillsvtovadvocatevforvthemselves.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v15
11. Duringvavhomevvisit,vavnursevdiscussesvthevdangersvofvsmokingvwithvanvindividual.vInvthisvscenariovthevnursev
isvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS:v D
Healthveducationvisvavprimaryvpreventionvtechniquevavailablevtovavoidvmajorvcausesvofvdisease.vTeachingvcanv
rangevfromvavchancevremarkvtovavplannedvlesson.
DIF:vvvv CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
12. Avnursevisvaskedvtovprovidevanvexpertvopinionvaboutvthevdevelopmentvofvanveducationvprogramvforv
newlyvdiagnosedvdiabetics.vInvthisvscenario,vthevnursevisvactingvasva(n):
a. advocate.
b. carevmanager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
, ANS:v C
Nursesvwithvavspecializedvareavofvexpertisevprovideveducationvaboutvhealthvpromotionvandvdiseasevpreventionvtov
individualsvandvgroupsvasvconsultants.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
13. Avnursevisvplanningvtovdelivervanveducationalvprogramvtovindividualsvwithvdiabetes.vWhichvofvthev
followingvshouldvbevthevinitialvactionvtakenvbyvthevnursevtovensurevthevsuccessvofvthevprogram?
a. Assessvthevmotivationvlevelvofvthevindividuals
b. Assessvthevknowledgevlevelvofvthevindividuals
c. Establishvteacher-learnervgoalsvwithvthevindividuals
d. Establishvmultiplevteachingvsessionsvwithvthevindividuals
ANS:v B
Selectionvofvthevmethodsvmostvlikelyvtovsucceedvinvolvesvthevestablishmentvofvteacher-
learnervgoals.vThus,vthevfirstvstepvbyvthevnursevshouldvbevestablishmentvofvgoals.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vAnalyzev(Analysis) REF: p.v16
14. Thevconscientious,vexplicit,vandvjudiciousvusevofvcurrentvbestvevidencevinvmakingvdecisionsvaboutvthevcarev
ofvindividualsvisvknownvas:
a. health-relatedvqualityvofvlife.
b. evidence-basedvpractice.
c. avHealthyvPeoplev2010vgoal.
d. thevecologicalvmodelvofvhealth.
ANS:v B
Evidence-
basedvpracticevisvdefinedvasvthevconscientious,vexplicit,vandvjudiciousvusevofvcurrentvbestvevidencevinvmakingvdeci
sionsvaboutvthevcarevofvindividuals.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vRememberv(Knowledge) REF: p.v16
15. Whichvresearchvmethodologyvshouldvbevusedvtovaddressvthevquestion,v“Whatvisvthevdifferencevinvthevinfect
ionvratesvbetweenvindividualsvwhovreceivevtwice-a-dayvdressingvchangesvversusvonce-a-
dayvdressingvchanges?”
a. Evidence-basedvpracticevresearch
b. Qualitativevresearch
c. Quantitativevresearch
d. Clinicalvjudgmentvresearch
ANS:v C
Quantitativevresearchvstudiesvdescribevsituations,vcorrelatevdifferentvvariablesvrelatedvtovcare,vorvtestvcausalvrelati
onshipsvamongvvariablesvrelatedvtovcare.vEvidence-
basedvpracticevresearchvandvclinicalvjudgmentvresearchvarevnotvresearchvmethodologies;vtheyvarevusedvtovanswerv
clinicalvquestions.
DIF: CognitivevLevel:vApplyv(Application) REF: p.v16
16. Thevquestion,v“Whatvisvthevexperiencevofvteenagersvwhovlosevavsiblingvtovcancer?”vcanvbestvbevansweredvbyv
usingvwhichvresearchvmethodology?
a. Evidence-basedvpracticevresearch
b. Qualitativevresearch
c. Quantitativevresearch
d. Clinicalvjudgmentvresearchv
ANS:v B
