PACAT
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
Somatic mosaicism is when an individual contains two distinct cell
populations as a result of a postzygotic mutation, with phenotypic
consequence partially influenced by the extent of chromosomal
rearrangement.
Question
Chromosomal rearrangement is implicated in what somatic change? -
ANSWER- Malignancy
Rearrangement of chromosomes is a somatic change implicated in
malignancy.
After 24 hours of fasting what is the source of energy (for gluconeogensis)? -
ANSWER-
Amino
Acids
During early stages of fasting, glycogen may be used for glycogenolysis.
As fasting
continues, glycogen stores are depleted and other precursors are used,
among which
are certain amino acids and odd-chain fatty acids rather than even chain
fatty acids.
Following an automobile accident, physical examination shows damage to a
patient's deltoid muscle and teres minor muscle. The patient is unable to
abduct and laterally rotate their arm. What nerve is likely injured? - ANSWER-
The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles. If injured,
the arm cannot be abducted or laterally rotated.
75% of the breast lymphatics drain directly into what nodes? -
ANSWER- Pectoral
node
s
Sodium (Na) loses its electron to become sodium ion (Na+). What kind
of reaction is
this? - ANSWER- Oxidation
reaction
In what part of the body is there a thickened layer of epidermis? -
ANSWER- Soles of
fee
t
What kind of ions do nonmetals form? - ANSWER- anions
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
,PACAT
Anions are negative ions and cations are positive ions.
Nonmetals are neutral elements. During bonding, they gain electron(s) from
the metal they are reacting with and, as a result, get a negative charge.
Anna is negative = anion negative
You are presented with a female patient who shows a pervasive pattern of
instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions. This
instability of self-image can result in feelings of emptiness and fears of
abandonment. She is very impulsive, often showing feelings of anger,
especially when criticized. She sometimes performs selfharm by cutting
herself and threatens suicide. What disorder may she be exhibiting? -
ANSWER- Borderline Personality Disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a self-importance
and sense of
entitlement that drive a need to be
admired.
Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive distrust of
others, even stemming to close relationships such as friends, family, and
partners. The person becomes suspicious and guarded with a focus on
uncovering clues to validate fears and suspicions of those around them.
Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by directing one's attention on
their inner
life rather than the external world, leading to an aloof and introspective
nature. The
patient may focus on internal fantasies rather than any social or sexual
relationships.
There is generally a dampened emotional response and indifference
toward social
norm
s.
Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of concern for the
feelings or
needs of others; social rules and obligations are disregarded. The patient
may display
heightened irritability, aggression, and/or impulsiveness with a lack of
guilt over
consequences. They fail to learn from their
experiences.
A 65-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. She has a
posterior
dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of
the femur.
Question:
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
, PACAT
If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of
the hip joint, what bone could be involved? - ANSWER- Ilium
The acetabulum is a cup-shaped cavity on the lateral side of the hip
bone formed
superiorly by the
ilium.
The acetabulum is formed posteroinferiorly by the
ischium.
The acetabulum is formed anteromedially by the pubis.
The sacrum and the head of the femur do not participate in the formation of
the acetabulum.
Hip bones: - ANSWER- ilium
(round/top/posterior),
ischium
(posterior/bottom),
pubis (anterior/bottom of
ilium)
In the urea cycle, what does the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate depend
upon? -
ANSWER- N-AGA
The essential activator of carbamoyl phosphate in the urea cycle is N-
Acetylglutamic acid, and hence, is an important regulator of the urea cycle.
In cattle, the inherited lack of horns is called "polled" and is due to a single
gene locus. A breeder has one line of cattle that are true-breeding for polled
and one line of cattle that are true-breeding for non-polled.
Question
How could the breeder determine if the polled allele is dominant or
recessive? - ANSWER- Breed one from each line - if ALL offspring show that
trait it is dominant (if not, then there is a chance it may not be)
Synonymous mutations are DNA mutations that do not change the amino
acid inserted
into the protein, but they can change the local structure of a protein
and the global
folding of the
protein.
Questio
n
Which levels of protein structure can synonymous mutations alter? -
ANSWER-
Secondary (local structure) and Tertiary Structures
(folding)
explanation:
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
Somatic mosaicism is when an individual contains two distinct cell
populations as a result of a postzygotic mutation, with phenotypic
consequence partially influenced by the extent of chromosomal
rearrangement.
Question
Chromosomal rearrangement is implicated in what somatic change? -
ANSWER- Malignancy
Rearrangement of chromosomes is a somatic change implicated in
malignancy.
After 24 hours of fasting what is the source of energy (for gluconeogensis)? -
ANSWER-
Amino
Acids
During early stages of fasting, glycogen may be used for glycogenolysis.
As fasting
continues, glycogen stores are depleted and other precursors are used,
among which
are certain amino acids and odd-chain fatty acids rather than even chain
fatty acids.
Following an automobile accident, physical examination shows damage to a
patient's deltoid muscle and teres minor muscle. The patient is unable to
abduct and laterally rotate their arm. What nerve is likely injured? - ANSWER-
The axillary nerve innervates the deltoid and teres minor muscles. If injured,
the arm cannot be abducted or laterally rotated.
75% of the breast lymphatics drain directly into what nodes? -
ANSWER- Pectoral
node
s
Sodium (Na) loses its electron to become sodium ion (Na+). What kind
of reaction is
this? - ANSWER- Oxidation
reaction
In what part of the body is there a thickened layer of epidermis? -
ANSWER- Soles of
fee
t
What kind of ions do nonmetals form? - ANSWER- anions
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
,PACAT
Anions are negative ions and cations are positive ions.
Nonmetals are neutral elements. During bonding, they gain electron(s) from
the metal they are reacting with and, as a result, get a negative charge.
Anna is negative = anion negative
You are presented with a female patient who shows a pervasive pattern of
instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions. This
instability of self-image can result in feelings of emptiness and fears of
abandonment. She is very impulsive, often showing feelings of anger,
especially when criticized. She sometimes performs selfharm by cutting
herself and threatens suicide. What disorder may she be exhibiting? -
ANSWER- Borderline Personality Disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a self-importance
and sense of
entitlement that drive a need to be
admired.
Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive distrust of
others, even stemming to close relationships such as friends, family, and
partners. The person becomes suspicious and guarded with a focus on
uncovering clues to validate fears and suspicions of those around them.
Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by directing one's attention on
their inner
life rather than the external world, leading to an aloof and introspective
nature. The
patient may focus on internal fantasies rather than any social or sexual
relationships.
There is generally a dampened emotional response and indifference
toward social
norm
s.
Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of concern for the
feelings or
needs of others; social rules and obligations are disregarded. The patient
may display
heightened irritability, aggression, and/or impulsiveness with a lack of
guilt over
consequences. They fail to learn from their
experiences.
A 65-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. She has a
posterior
dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of
the femur.
Question:
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
, PACAT
If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of
the hip joint, what bone could be involved? - ANSWER- Ilium
The acetabulum is a cup-shaped cavity on the lateral side of the hip
bone formed
superiorly by the
ilium.
The acetabulum is formed posteroinferiorly by the
ischium.
The acetabulum is formed anteromedially by the pubis.
The sacrum and the head of the femur do not participate in the formation of
the acetabulum.
Hip bones: - ANSWER- ilium
(round/top/posterior),
ischium
(posterior/bottom),
pubis (anterior/bottom of
ilium)
In the urea cycle, what does the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate depend
upon? -
ANSWER- N-AGA
The essential activator of carbamoyl phosphate in the urea cycle is N-
Acetylglutamic acid, and hence, is an important regulator of the urea cycle.
In cattle, the inherited lack of horns is called "polled" and is due to a single
gene locus. A breeder has one line of cattle that are true-breeding for polled
and one line of cattle that are true-breeding for non-polled.
Question
How could the breeder determine if the polled allele is dominant or
recessive? - ANSWER- Breed one from each line - if ALL offspring show that
trait it is dominant (if not, then there is a chance it may not be)
Synonymous mutations are DNA mutations that do not change the amino
acid inserted
into the protein, but they can change the local structure of a protein
and the global
folding of the
protein.
Questio
n
Which levels of protein structure can synonymous mutations alter? -
ANSWER-
Secondary (local structure) and Tertiary Structures
(folding)
explanation:
PACAT PRACTICE TEST 1 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS 2024.
