BIOLOGY 189 FINAL ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |2026/2027 UPDATED
|GUARANTEED PASS.
What is an autosome? - Answer -Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
What is a sex chromosome? - Answer -a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an
organism, typically one of two kinds.
What is nondisjunction? - Answer -Failure for chromosomes to separate properly.
When does nondisjunction occur? - Answer -when chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis
In which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated? - Answer -S phase
What is down syndrome caused by? what is the result? - Answer -Trisomy 21,distinct facial
appearance, intellectual disability, developmental delays
What is Marfan's syndrome? - Answer -genetic condition that affects the body's connective
tissue.
1|Page
,Why are males more likely to exhibit X-linked disorders such as Fragile X syndrome? - Answer -
Because females have two copies of the X chromosome and males have only one X
chromosome
What is the equator of the cell? - Answer -the central plane of the spindle in a dividing cell
When does crossing over occur during cell division? - Answer -between prophase I and
metaphase I
When do sister chromatids separate during mitosis? Meiosis? - Answer -Anaphase, anaphase 1
How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis? Meiosis? Are they haploid or diploid? -
Answer -2 daughter cells mitosis , 4 daughter cells meiosis - haploid
What part of the DNA might be the only physiological barrier to immortality? - Answer -
Telomeres
What is an oncogene? - Answer -a gene that in certain circumstances can transform a cell into a
tumor cell.
2|Page
, What is a tumor suppressor gene? - Answer -a gene that protects a cell from one step on the
path to cancer (put the brakes on the cell cycle.)
What is a tumor? - Answer -a mass of abnormal cells
What is cancer? - Answer -the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a
part of the body.
What does benign mean? - Answer -non-cancerous
What does malignant mean? - Answer -cancerous
What does homozygous mean? - Answer -chromosomes with the same allele of a gene.
What does heterozygous mean? - Answer -two different alleles
What is a genotype? - Answer -genetic makeup of an organism (set of alleles that occur in an
individual's chromosomes.)
3|Page
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |2026/2027 UPDATED
|GUARANTEED PASS.
What is an autosome? - Answer -Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
What is a sex chromosome? - Answer -a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an
organism, typically one of two kinds.
What is nondisjunction? - Answer -Failure for chromosomes to separate properly.
When does nondisjunction occur? - Answer -when chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis
In which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated? - Answer -S phase
What is down syndrome caused by? what is the result? - Answer -Trisomy 21,distinct facial
appearance, intellectual disability, developmental delays
What is Marfan's syndrome? - Answer -genetic condition that affects the body's connective
tissue.
1|Page
,Why are males more likely to exhibit X-linked disorders such as Fragile X syndrome? - Answer -
Because females have two copies of the X chromosome and males have only one X
chromosome
What is the equator of the cell? - Answer -the central plane of the spindle in a dividing cell
When does crossing over occur during cell division? - Answer -between prophase I and
metaphase I
When do sister chromatids separate during mitosis? Meiosis? - Answer -Anaphase, anaphase 1
How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis? Meiosis? Are they haploid or diploid? -
Answer -2 daughter cells mitosis , 4 daughter cells meiosis - haploid
What part of the DNA might be the only physiological barrier to immortality? - Answer -
Telomeres
What is an oncogene? - Answer -a gene that in certain circumstances can transform a cell into a
tumor cell.
2|Page
, What is a tumor suppressor gene? - Answer -a gene that protects a cell from one step on the
path to cancer (put the brakes on the cell cycle.)
What is a tumor? - Answer -a mass of abnormal cells
What is cancer? - Answer -the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a
part of the body.
What does benign mean? - Answer -non-cancerous
What does malignant mean? - Answer -cancerous
What does homozygous mean? - Answer -chromosomes with the same allele of a gene.
What does heterozygous mean? - Answer -two different alleles
What is a genotype? - Answer -genetic makeup of an organism (set of alleles that occur in an
individual's chromosomes.)
3|Page
