OCN Study Guide Questions with Correctly Solved
Solutions to Score A+
Pleural Effusion - Answer fluid in pleural space
pneumothorax - Answer air in the pleural space
Which chemo has a high risk for pulmonary toxicity? - Answer bleomycin (Blenoxane)
For which pulmonary toxicity does bleomycin have a high risk? - Answer Pneumonitis
Hypocapnia - Answer reduced carbon dioxide in the blood
Signs and Symptoms of pleural effusion - Answer tachypnea (fast breathing)
decreased breath sounds
dullness to percussion
Define Lymphedema - Answer obstruction of lymphatic system that caused overload of lymph in the
interstitial space
Define Edema - Answer fluid in the interstitial space
Cancer most commonly associated with lymphedema - Answer Breast
Stage 1 Lymphedema - Answer less than 3 cm difference
pitting edema
Stage 2 Lymphedema - Answer 3-5 cm difference
skin stretched and shiny
,nonpitting
Stage 3 Lymphedema - Answer greater than 5 cm difference
skin discolored, stretched, firm
nonpitting
Lymphedema treatment - Answer compression garment
manual lymphatic drainage
elevation
aerobic exercise with strength training
low sodium diet
Sentinel lymph node dissection - Answer removal of the first lymph node that contains cancer cells
Hematoma - Answer abnormal collection of blood in tissues
Pericardial effusion - Answer excess fluid around the heart
Tumors associated with malignant pericardial effusions - Answer Lung
High dose cyclophosphamide cardiac effects - Answer damaged cardiac endothelium
Paclitaxel cardiac effects - Answer asymptomatic bradycardia
5FU cardiac effects - Answer coronary artery spasm
Anthracycline (Daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and epirubicin) cardiac effects - Answer cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic test for pericardial effusion - Answer Echo
,Abnormalities of what electrolyte and what mineral interfere with cardiac function? - Answer Potassium
and Calcium
What med can be used to protect heart against effects of doxorubicin - Answer Dexrazoxane
Spiral CT - Answer Diagnostic test for pulmonary emboli
D-DImer test - Answer used to diagnose or rule out conditions that cause hypercoagulability
(inappropriate clotting)
DIC - Answer Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places leaving the
body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - Answer Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - Answer Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - Answer Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to supplement red
blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem of unknown cause. It is
also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - Answer Leukemia, specifically APL
Signs/Symptoms of DIC - Answer bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
mottled extremities
, Causes of DIC - Answer Delivery (of baby)
Infection
Cancer
How does Heparin help DIC? - Answer Interferes with thrombin production. Maintain PTT at 1-2 times
the normal level (18-28 seconds)
S/S of septic shock - Answer Fever
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Most common cause of sepsis - Answer Gram (-) bacteria
DIC - Answer Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places leaving the
body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - Answer Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - Answer Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - Answer Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to supplement red
blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem of unknown cause. It is
also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - Answer Leukemia, specifically APL
Signs/Symptoms of DIC - Answer bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
Solutions to Score A+
Pleural Effusion - Answer fluid in pleural space
pneumothorax - Answer air in the pleural space
Which chemo has a high risk for pulmonary toxicity? - Answer bleomycin (Blenoxane)
For which pulmonary toxicity does bleomycin have a high risk? - Answer Pneumonitis
Hypocapnia - Answer reduced carbon dioxide in the blood
Signs and Symptoms of pleural effusion - Answer tachypnea (fast breathing)
decreased breath sounds
dullness to percussion
Define Lymphedema - Answer obstruction of lymphatic system that caused overload of lymph in the
interstitial space
Define Edema - Answer fluid in the interstitial space
Cancer most commonly associated with lymphedema - Answer Breast
Stage 1 Lymphedema - Answer less than 3 cm difference
pitting edema
Stage 2 Lymphedema - Answer 3-5 cm difference
skin stretched and shiny
,nonpitting
Stage 3 Lymphedema - Answer greater than 5 cm difference
skin discolored, stretched, firm
nonpitting
Lymphedema treatment - Answer compression garment
manual lymphatic drainage
elevation
aerobic exercise with strength training
low sodium diet
Sentinel lymph node dissection - Answer removal of the first lymph node that contains cancer cells
Hematoma - Answer abnormal collection of blood in tissues
Pericardial effusion - Answer excess fluid around the heart
Tumors associated with malignant pericardial effusions - Answer Lung
High dose cyclophosphamide cardiac effects - Answer damaged cardiac endothelium
Paclitaxel cardiac effects - Answer asymptomatic bradycardia
5FU cardiac effects - Answer coronary artery spasm
Anthracycline (Daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and epirubicin) cardiac effects - Answer cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic test for pericardial effusion - Answer Echo
,Abnormalities of what electrolyte and what mineral interfere with cardiac function? - Answer Potassium
and Calcium
What med can be used to protect heart against effects of doxorubicin - Answer Dexrazoxane
Spiral CT - Answer Diagnostic test for pulmonary emboli
D-DImer test - Answer used to diagnose or rule out conditions that cause hypercoagulability
(inappropriate clotting)
DIC - Answer Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places leaving the
body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - Answer Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - Answer Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - Answer Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to supplement red
blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem of unknown cause. It is
also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - Answer Leukemia, specifically APL
Signs/Symptoms of DIC - Answer bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
mottled extremities
, Causes of DIC - Answer Delivery (of baby)
Infection
Cancer
How does Heparin help DIC? - Answer Interferes with thrombin production. Maintain PTT at 1-2 times
the normal level (18-28 seconds)
S/S of septic shock - Answer Fever
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Most common cause of sepsis - Answer Gram (-) bacteria
DIC - Answer Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places leaving the
body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - Answer Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - Answer Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - Answer Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to supplement red
blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem of unknown cause. It is
also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - Answer Leukemia, specifically APL
Signs/Symptoms of DIC - Answer bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
