APHY 101 |Nervous System Anatomy and
Physiology|Updated and Latest Questions
and Correct Answers with Rationale
Graded A+
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
spinal cord. ANSWER - a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support
cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region
of the vertebral column
cerebellum. ANSWER - a major feature of the hindbrain responsible for body
movements and balance
cerebrum. ANSWER - the principal and most anterior part of the brain in
vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres,
left and right, separated by a fissure
midbrain. ANSWER - relays sensory and motor impulses; serves important
functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory
and visual processing.
pons. ANSWER - part of the brain stem, assists with regulation of breathing
medulla oblongata. ANSWER - part of brain stem, regulates heart rate, blood
pressure, and breathing, and controls the reflexes of coughing, sneezing, and
vomiting
pituitary gland. ANSWER - a pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain, just
below the hypothalamus, to which it is attached via nerve fibers. It is part of the
, endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances
that control various bodily functions
hypothalamus. ANSWER - lower portion of diencephalon which acts as an
autonomic center regulating metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, thirst, hunger,
energy level, and body temperature
thalamus. ANSWER - middle portion of diencephalon which relays sensory impulses
up to the sensory cortex (aka the cerebrum); regulates sleep and consciousness
epithalamus. ANSWER - upper portion of diencephalon that regulates hormones
secreted by the pineal gland. The pineal gland produces melatonin, a serotonin
derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns
striatum. ANSWER - structure lying at the base of the forebrain which is a critical
component of the motor and reward systems. Coordinates decision-making,
motivation, and reinforcement.
corpus callosum. ANSWER - a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral
cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres and acts as the connection between the
two.
meninges. ANSWER - three layers of protective tissue between the brain and skull
frontal lobe. ANSWER - cerebrum lobe responsible for memory, intelligence,
behavior, emotions, motor function, and smell
occipital lobe. ANSWER - cerebrum lobe responsible for vision and speech
parietal lobe. ANSWER - lobe responsible for somatic sensations (pain, touch,
temperature perception), and speech
temporal lobe. ANSWER - lobe responsible for hearing, smell, memory, speech, and
emotion
Physiology|Updated and Latest Questions
and Correct Answers with Rationale
Graded A+
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
spinal cord. ANSWER - a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support
cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region
of the vertebral column
cerebellum. ANSWER - a major feature of the hindbrain responsible for body
movements and balance
cerebrum. ANSWER - the principal and most anterior part of the brain in
vertebrates, located in the front area of the skull and consisting of two hemispheres,
left and right, separated by a fissure
midbrain. ANSWER - relays sensory and motor impulses; serves important
functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory
and visual processing.
pons. ANSWER - part of the brain stem, assists with regulation of breathing
medulla oblongata. ANSWER - part of brain stem, regulates heart rate, blood
pressure, and breathing, and controls the reflexes of coughing, sneezing, and
vomiting
pituitary gland. ANSWER - a pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain, just
below the hypothalamus, to which it is attached via nerve fibers. It is part of the
, endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances
that control various bodily functions
hypothalamus. ANSWER - lower portion of diencephalon which acts as an
autonomic center regulating metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, thirst, hunger,
energy level, and body temperature
thalamus. ANSWER - middle portion of diencephalon which relays sensory impulses
up to the sensory cortex (aka the cerebrum); regulates sleep and consciousness
epithalamus. ANSWER - upper portion of diencephalon that regulates hormones
secreted by the pineal gland. The pineal gland produces melatonin, a serotonin
derived hormone which modulates sleep patterns
striatum. ANSWER - structure lying at the base of the forebrain which is a critical
component of the motor and reward systems. Coordinates decision-making,
motivation, and reinforcement.
corpus callosum. ANSWER - a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral
cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres and acts as the connection between the
two.
meninges. ANSWER - three layers of protective tissue between the brain and skull
frontal lobe. ANSWER - cerebrum lobe responsible for memory, intelligence,
behavior, emotions, motor function, and smell
occipital lobe. ANSWER - cerebrum lobe responsible for vision and speech
parietal lobe. ANSWER - lobe responsible for somatic sensations (pain, touch,
temperature perception), and speech
temporal lobe. ANSWER - lobe responsible for hearing, smell, memory, speech, and
emotion
