Massachusetts Genomics Fundamentals Exam
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answers) plus rationales Q &A
2026 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. What is genomics primarily the study of?
A. Individual proteins
B. Entire DNA sequences of organisms
C. Cell membranes
D. Blood chemistry
Correct Answer: B
Genomics studies the complete set of DNA (genome) of an organism, including
gene interactions and functions.
2. The basic unit of heredity is the:
A. Chromosome
B. Gene
C. Protein
D. RNA
Correct Answer: B
A gene is the functional unit of heredity passed from parents to offspring.
3. DNA is composed of which building blocks?
,A. Amino acids
B. Nucleotides
C. Fatty acids
D. Glucose
Correct Answer: B
DNA is made of nucleotides consisting of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.
4. Which base is found in RNA but not DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Uracil
D. Guanine
Correct Answer: C
Uracil replaces thymine in RNA molecules.
5. The shape of DNA is described as a:
A. Single helix
B. Triple helix
C. Double helix
D. Circular loop only
Correct Answer: C
DNA forms a double helix structure as discovered by Watson and Crick.
6. Which process makes RNA from DNA?
A. Translation
B. Replication
C. Transcription
D. Mutation
,Correct Answer: C
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
7. Translation occurs in the:
A. Nucleus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondria only
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Translation occurs in ribosomes located in the cytoplasm.
8. Codons are found on:
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. rRNA
Correct Answer: B
Codons are triplets on mRNA that code for amino acids.
9. Anticodons are found on:
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. Protein
Correct Answer: C
tRNA carries anticodons that pair with mRNA codons.
, 10. Which enzyme unwinds DNA during replication?
A. Ligase
B. Helicase
C. Polymerase
D. Primase
Correct Answer: B
Helicase separates DNA strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.
11. DNA replication is:
A. Conservative
B. Semi-conservative
C. Random
D. Reversible
Correct Answer: B
Each new DNA molecule contains one original and one new strand.
12. The Human Genome Project aimed to:
A. Clone humans
B. Sequence all human DNA
C. Create new genes
D. Delete mutations
Correct Answer: B
It mapped and sequenced the entire human genome.
13. SNP stands for:
A. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
B. Simple Nuclear Protein
question with correct answers (100% verified
answers) plus rationales Q &A
2026 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. What is genomics primarily the study of?
A. Individual proteins
B. Entire DNA sequences of organisms
C. Cell membranes
D. Blood chemistry
Correct Answer: B
Genomics studies the complete set of DNA (genome) of an organism, including
gene interactions and functions.
2. The basic unit of heredity is the:
A. Chromosome
B. Gene
C. Protein
D. RNA
Correct Answer: B
A gene is the functional unit of heredity passed from parents to offspring.
3. DNA is composed of which building blocks?
,A. Amino acids
B. Nucleotides
C. Fatty acids
D. Glucose
Correct Answer: B
DNA is made of nucleotides consisting of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.
4. Which base is found in RNA but not DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Uracil
D. Guanine
Correct Answer: C
Uracil replaces thymine in RNA molecules.
5. The shape of DNA is described as a:
A. Single helix
B. Triple helix
C. Double helix
D. Circular loop only
Correct Answer: C
DNA forms a double helix structure as discovered by Watson and Crick.
6. Which process makes RNA from DNA?
A. Translation
B. Replication
C. Transcription
D. Mutation
,Correct Answer: C
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.
7. Translation occurs in the:
A. Nucleus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondria only
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: B
Translation occurs in ribosomes located in the cytoplasm.
8. Codons are found on:
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. rRNA
Correct Answer: B
Codons are triplets on mRNA that code for amino acids.
9. Anticodons are found on:
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. Protein
Correct Answer: C
tRNA carries anticodons that pair with mRNA codons.
, 10. Which enzyme unwinds DNA during replication?
A. Ligase
B. Helicase
C. Polymerase
D. Primase
Correct Answer: B
Helicase separates DNA strands by breaking hydrogen bonds.
11. DNA replication is:
A. Conservative
B. Semi-conservative
C. Random
D. Reversible
Correct Answer: B
Each new DNA molecule contains one original and one new strand.
12. The Human Genome Project aimed to:
A. Clone humans
B. Sequence all human DNA
C. Create new genes
D. Delete mutations
Correct Answer: B
It mapped and sequenced the entire human genome.
13. SNP stands for:
A. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
B. Simple Nuclear Protein
