NR 293 Pharm Exam 1 Chamberlain Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
Risks for injury know that anything can be a possible risk for patient injury
right patient, right dose, right medication, right time, right
9 rights of medicine administration
documentation, right route, right reason, right response
the first drug of a class that all others are based from (ex-
what is a prototype
morphine)
what is pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug
what is pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
what portion of the drug that entered the circulation can
bioavailability
have an ettect on the body
a drug enters the GI tract and is filtered to the liver where
first pass ettect
some is destroyed
what enzymes work in the liver P-450 enzymes
When the medication passes through the liver for the first
if a patient has cirrhosis of the liver, what will happen when pass, there will be less P-450 enzymes so the bioavailabil-
they take a medication? ity of the medication will be higher and it will circulate in
the bloodstream longer.
time required for 50% of the drug to be removed from the
half life
body
Pharmacotherapeutics treatment of conditions
enteral route through the GI tract
parenteral tract outside the GI tract
how is medication absorption ditterent for neonates and they have less gastric acid to break down medications and
children? availability is higher
why do more drugs enter neonate and children's brains,
why are meds not as easily excreted/destroyed by liver immature BBB, liver, and kidneys
and kidneys ?
Polypharmacy The use of multiple medications on a regular basis
, NR 293 Pharm Exam 1 Chamberlain Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
during which phase of the nursing process does a nurse
planning
prioritize the nursing diagnoses?
the nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will
be altered by the first pass ettect?
a. oral
b. sublingual oral and rectal
c. subcutaneous
d. IV
e. rectal
the nurse is reviewing a list of a patient's medications and
the ditterence between a therapeutic dose and a toxic
notes one of the drugs has a low therapeutic index. what
dose are very close together
does this mean?
when drug A is an enzyme inhibitor of drug B, the nurse
level of drug B could rise to toxicity
will anticipate what result of drug B?
A drug is highly protein bound, what does this mean? it will have a longer duration of action
do no harm is what ethical principle? nonmaleficence
Which legal act required drug manufacturers to establish
the safety and eflcacy of a new drug before its approval Kefauver-Harris, amendment of 1962
for use?
nonprescription drugs that are used for short term treat-
over the counter drugs (otc) are
ment
what herbal supplement is used to promote sleep and
relaxation, prolonged use can cause yellow discoloration kava
of nails, risk for liver toxicity
herbal supplement used to decrease nausea and vomiting
ginkgo
induced by chemotherapy
which drug classes are used as OTC remedies ?
a. NSAIDs
, b. cold remedies
c. antibiotics
d. smoking deterrent drugs A, B,D,F
e. antihypertensive drugs
f. histamine 2 (H2) blockers
what are side ettects of NSAIDs? stroke, MI, GI ulcers, kidney dysfunction
what do antibiotics do? fight ott infection caused by bacteria
Bacteriostatic doesn't kill bacteria, it inhibits growth
bactericidal kills bacteria
are contracted in a hospital or institution (>48 hours after
healthcare associated infections
admin) , are more diflcult to treat, and are more virulent
antiseptics are used for living tissue, inhibit growth of bacteria
disinfectants used on nonliving tissue, destroy/kill organisms
what is a priority of the nurse to perform before beginning
obtain a culture and sensitivity specimen
an antibiotic therapy?
preventative measure, antibiotics given before a proce-
prophylactic therapy
dure to ensure that an infection will not start
treatment of an infection before c+s information has been
empiric therapy
obtained or reported
definitive therapy treatment of a specific infection after receiving repot of c+s
what two classes of antibiotics are common for causing
penicillins and sulfonamides
allergic reactions?
if a person is allergic to penicillin, what other class of
cephalosporins
antibiotics should be looked into?
what is the main example of sulfonamides? Bactrim
what must Bactrim be taken with? 2000-3000 mL of H20/ day
Risks for injury know that anything can be a possible risk for patient injury
right patient, right dose, right medication, right time, right
9 rights of medicine administration
documentation, right route, right reason, right response
the first drug of a class that all others are based from (ex-
what is a prototype
morphine)
what is pharmacokinetics what the body does to the drug
what is pharmacodynamics what the drug does to the body
what portion of the drug that entered the circulation can
bioavailability
have an ettect on the body
a drug enters the GI tract and is filtered to the liver where
first pass ettect
some is destroyed
what enzymes work in the liver P-450 enzymes
When the medication passes through the liver for the first
if a patient has cirrhosis of the liver, what will happen when pass, there will be less P-450 enzymes so the bioavailabil-
they take a medication? ity of the medication will be higher and it will circulate in
the bloodstream longer.
time required for 50% of the drug to be removed from the
half life
body
Pharmacotherapeutics treatment of conditions
enteral route through the GI tract
parenteral tract outside the GI tract
how is medication absorption ditterent for neonates and they have less gastric acid to break down medications and
children? availability is higher
why do more drugs enter neonate and children's brains,
why are meds not as easily excreted/destroyed by liver immature BBB, liver, and kidneys
and kidneys ?
Polypharmacy The use of multiple medications on a regular basis
, NR 293 Pharm Exam 1 Chamberlain Test Questions and Answers Graded A+
during which phase of the nursing process does a nurse
planning
prioritize the nursing diagnoses?
the nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will
be altered by the first pass ettect?
a. oral
b. sublingual oral and rectal
c. subcutaneous
d. IV
e. rectal
the nurse is reviewing a list of a patient's medications and
the ditterence between a therapeutic dose and a toxic
notes one of the drugs has a low therapeutic index. what
dose are very close together
does this mean?
when drug A is an enzyme inhibitor of drug B, the nurse
level of drug B could rise to toxicity
will anticipate what result of drug B?
A drug is highly protein bound, what does this mean? it will have a longer duration of action
do no harm is what ethical principle? nonmaleficence
Which legal act required drug manufacturers to establish
the safety and eflcacy of a new drug before its approval Kefauver-Harris, amendment of 1962
for use?
nonprescription drugs that are used for short term treat-
over the counter drugs (otc) are
ment
what herbal supplement is used to promote sleep and
relaxation, prolonged use can cause yellow discoloration kava
of nails, risk for liver toxicity
herbal supplement used to decrease nausea and vomiting
ginkgo
induced by chemotherapy
which drug classes are used as OTC remedies ?
a. NSAIDs
, b. cold remedies
c. antibiotics
d. smoking deterrent drugs A, B,D,F
e. antihypertensive drugs
f. histamine 2 (H2) blockers
what are side ettects of NSAIDs? stroke, MI, GI ulcers, kidney dysfunction
what do antibiotics do? fight ott infection caused by bacteria
Bacteriostatic doesn't kill bacteria, it inhibits growth
bactericidal kills bacteria
are contracted in a hospital or institution (>48 hours after
healthcare associated infections
admin) , are more diflcult to treat, and are more virulent
antiseptics are used for living tissue, inhibit growth of bacteria
disinfectants used on nonliving tissue, destroy/kill organisms
what is a priority of the nurse to perform before beginning
obtain a culture and sensitivity specimen
an antibiotic therapy?
preventative measure, antibiotics given before a proce-
prophylactic therapy
dure to ensure that an infection will not start
treatment of an infection before c+s information has been
empiric therapy
obtained or reported
definitive therapy treatment of a specific infection after receiving repot of c+s
what two classes of antibiotics are common for causing
penicillins and sulfonamides
allergic reactions?
if a person is allergic to penicillin, what other class of
cephalosporins
antibiotics should be looked into?
what is the main example of sulfonamides? Bactrim
what must Bactrim be taken with? 2000-3000 mL of H20/ day
