Updated/Latest Pathophysiology 6th Edition by Jacquelyn L Banasik 2025–2026 Comprehensive Test Bank with Complete Rationalized Answers Covering Chapters 1 Through 54 for Advanced Pathophysiology Examination Preparation Nursing and Healthcare Student Succe

TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 6TH
L L L L




EDITION BY PATRICKS. CHAPTER
L L L L




1-54COMPLETEGUIDE
L L




TEST BANK WITH RATIONALE ANSWERS
L L L L




[Author name]
L 5/1/23 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

,Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology Test
L L L L L



Bank
L




MULTIPLE CHOICE L




1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3° F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
L L L L L L L



a. a sore throat. L L



b. streptococcal infection. L



c. genetic susceptibility. L



d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B L



Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is the manifestation of the disease
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation ofthe throat and is
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



also a clinical manifestation of the disease process.
L L L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 2 L L




2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. primary prevention. L



b. secondary prevention. L



c. tertiary prevention. L



d. disease treatment. L




ANS: A L



Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individualsby providing
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary preventionincludes
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



management of the disease once it has developed.
L L L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 9 L L




3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. primary prevention. L



b. secondary prevention. L



c. tertiary prevention. L



d. disease treatment. L




ANS: B L



Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as prescribing diet and exercise for an
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



individual who has already developed obesity. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility orreducing
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pgs. 9-10 L L




4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. primary prevention. L



b. secondary prevention. L



c. tertiary prevention. L



d. disease treatment. L




ANS: B L



Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by prescribing sodium restriction for
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pgs. 9-10 L L




5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. primary prevention. L



b. secondary prevention. L



c. tertiary prevention. L



d. disease treatment. L




ANS: C L



Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



such as prescribing a cholesterol lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pgs. 9-10 L L




1

, 6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



called the
L stage. L



a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B L



Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms. In
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



infectious diseases, this period is often called the incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



symptoms indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea, which are
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refers to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease.
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
L L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 3 L L




7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
L L L L L L L L L L



a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS: B L



A disease that is native to a particular region is called endemic. An epidemic is a disease that spreads to many individuals at the same
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



time. Pandemics are epidemics that affect large geographic regions, perhaps spreading worldwide.
L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 6 L L




8. In general, with aging, organ size and function
L L L L L L L



a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain the same. L L



d. is unknown. L




ANS: B L



In general, with aging, organ size and function decrease.
L L L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 5 L L




9. The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred to as
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: B L



The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is called the subclinical
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



stage. The interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms may be called a
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



latent period or, in the case of infectious diseases, an incubation period. The prodromal period, or prodrome, refers to the appearance
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset of a disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



surgical operation.
L L




REF: Pg. 3 L L




MULTIPLE RESPONSE L




10. Your patient’s red blood cell is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by (Select all that apply.)
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



a. gender difference. L



b. situational factors. L



c. normal variation. L



d. cultural variation. L



e. illness.
ANS: A, B, C, E L L L L



Gender, situations (e.g., altitude), normal variations, and illness may all determine red blood cell count. Culture affects how
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



manifestations are perceived (normal versus abnormal).
L L L L L L




REF: Pgs. 5-6 L L




11. Socioeconomic factors influence disease development due to (Select all that apply.)
L L L L L L L L L L



a. genetics.
b. environmental toxins. L



c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
ANS: B, C, D, E L L L L



Socioeconomic factors influence disease development via exposure to environmental toxins (occupational) and overcrowding,
L L L L L L L L L L L L



nutrition (over- or undernutrition), and hygiene (e.g., in developing countries). Genetics is not influenced by socioeconomic factors.
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L




REF: Pgs. 7-8 L L




2

, COMPLETION

12. When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be
L L L L L L L L L L .

ANS:
idiopathic
Many diseases are idiopathic in nature.
L L L L L




REF: Pg. 2 L L




13. The nurse is swabbing a patient’s throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



Lthe probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



.

ANS:
sensitivity
The sensitivity of any test refers to the probability that the test will be positive when applied to a person with the condition and will
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



not provide a false negative result. In contrast, specificity is the probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person who
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L



does not have a given condition.
L L L L L L




REF: Pg. 5 L L




3