Nutrition and Health: Key Concepts and
Sustainable Food Systems UPDATED EXAM
questions and CORRECT Answers
What is nutrition? - CORRECT ANSWERS The sum of all processes involved in how organisms
obtain nutrients, metabolize them, and use them to support all of life's processes.
What is nutritional science? - CORRECT ANSWERS The investigation of how an organism is
nourished, and how nourishment affects personal health, population health, and planetary health.
Define health. - CORRECT ANSWERS A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Any abnormal condition that affects the health of an
organism and is characterized by specific signs and symptoms.
What activities promote health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Activities such as physical activity,
healthy sleep habits, and a healthy diet.
What is disease prevention? - CORRECT ANSWERS Activities and habits that assist in the
prevention of disease, including physical activity, healthy sleep habits, and a healthy diet.
What are the six classes of nutrients essential for health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals.
What are macronutrients? - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients required in large amounts,
including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water.
What are micronutrients? - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients needed in smaller amounts,
including vitamins and minerals.
What is the calorie contribution of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of
carbohydrates provides four calories.
, What is the calorie contribution of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of lipid provides nine
calories.
What is the calorie contribution of proteins? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of protein provides
four calories.
What is nutrient density? - CORRECT ANSWERS The amount of essential nutrients a food
contains relative to the amount of energy it has.
What is the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWERS An organized process of inquiry that
involves making an observation, forming a hypothesis, testing it, evaluating results, gathering
evidence, and drawing conclusions.
What are epidemiological studies? - CORRECT ANSWERS Scientific investigations that define
frequency, distribution, and patterns of health events in a population.
What are randomized clinical trials? - CORRECT ANSWERS Scientific investigations in which a
variable is changed between groups of people.
What role does genetics play in health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Genetics can influence an
individual's health status and susceptibility to certain diseases.
How does lifestyle impact health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Lifestyle choices, such as diet and
physical activity, significantly affect health status.
What is the importance of expert agreement in dietary recommendations? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Agreement of experts across multiple scientific disciplines is necessary for
recommending dietary changes to improve health and prevent disease.
How does the environment affect health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Environmental factors can
influence health status, including access to nutritious food and opportunities for physical activity.
Sustainable Food Systems UPDATED EXAM
questions and CORRECT Answers
What is nutrition? - CORRECT ANSWERS The sum of all processes involved in how organisms
obtain nutrients, metabolize them, and use them to support all of life's processes.
What is nutritional science? - CORRECT ANSWERS The investigation of how an organism is
nourished, and how nourishment affects personal health, population health, and planetary health.
Define health. - CORRECT ANSWERS A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS Any abnormal condition that affects the health of an
organism and is characterized by specific signs and symptoms.
What activities promote health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Activities such as physical activity,
healthy sleep habits, and a healthy diet.
What is disease prevention? - CORRECT ANSWERS Activities and habits that assist in the
prevention of disease, including physical activity, healthy sleep habits, and a healthy diet.
What are the six classes of nutrients essential for health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals.
What are macronutrients? - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients required in large amounts,
including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water.
What are micronutrients? - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients needed in smaller amounts,
including vitamins and minerals.
What is the calorie contribution of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of
carbohydrates provides four calories.
, What is the calorie contribution of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of lipid provides nine
calories.
What is the calorie contribution of proteins? - CORRECT ANSWERS A gram of protein provides
four calories.
What is nutrient density? - CORRECT ANSWERS The amount of essential nutrients a food
contains relative to the amount of energy it has.
What is the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWERS An organized process of inquiry that
involves making an observation, forming a hypothesis, testing it, evaluating results, gathering
evidence, and drawing conclusions.
What are epidemiological studies? - CORRECT ANSWERS Scientific investigations that define
frequency, distribution, and patterns of health events in a population.
What are randomized clinical trials? - CORRECT ANSWERS Scientific investigations in which a
variable is changed between groups of people.
What role does genetics play in health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Genetics can influence an
individual's health status and susceptibility to certain diseases.
How does lifestyle impact health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Lifestyle choices, such as diet and
physical activity, significantly affect health status.
What is the importance of expert agreement in dietary recommendations? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Agreement of experts across multiple scientific disciplines is necessary for
recommending dietary changes to improve health and prevent disease.
How does the environment affect health? - CORRECT ANSWERS Environmental factors can
influence health status, including access to nutritious food and opportunities for physical activity.
