STUDY GUIDE | HIGH-YIELD PSYCHIATRIC
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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,A child believe that bad thoughts cause accidents. What Phenomenalistic causality; Preoperational thought
is this called and in what stage of Piaget development
does it occur?
What are the critical developmental achievements of the Object permanence and symbolization
sensorimotor stage?
A child recognizes that when a ball of clay is rolled into a Conservation; Concrete operations
sausage shape there is still the same amount of clay.
What ability is this child demonstrating and during what
stage of Piaget development does this occur?
What is the tendency to endow physical events and Animistic thinking; Preoperational
objects with life-like psychological attributes and in what
Piaget stage of development does this occur?
In the Piaget stage of concrete operations, what is Operational thought which involves dealing with a wide array of information
egocentric thought replaced by? outside of the child. Children can now see things from someone's else perspective
All horses are mammals, all mammals are warm blooded, Syllogistic reasoning; Concrete operations
therefore all horses are warm blooded...this is what type
of reasoning and during what stage of Piaget
development does it occur?
Who studied infant attachment and separation and John Bowlby
pointed out that mother-child attachment was an
essential medium of human interaction that had important
consequences for later development?
Who demonstrated the emotional and behavioral effects Harry Harlow
of isolating monkeys form birth and keeping them from
forming attachments?
Mary Ainsworth is know for describing what 3 main types Insecure-avoident, insecure-ambivalent, and insecure-disorganized
of insecure attachment?
65% of infants are securely attached by what age? 25 months
What are the three types of signal indicators in infants? Hunger, anger, and pain
, What are the three sequences of behavior patterns in Protest, despair, and detachment
children that are operated from their mothers for long
periods of time?
In Pavlovian conditioning, what are the following Unconditional stimulus, conditional stimulus, conditional response, and
called...food, bell, new response to the bell, and the unconditional response
natural response to the food itself?
Who was Pavlovian conditioning developed by? Ivan Pavlov
Who was operant conditioning developed by? B.F. Skinner
What is Pavlovian conditioning? Occurs when neutral stimuli are associated with a psychologically significant
event
What is operant conditioning? Occurs when a behavior (instead of a stimulus) is associated with a
psychologically significant event
What is sign tracking? When a CS signals a positive US, the CS will tend to evoke approach behaviors
What is extinction? Learned behavior decreases when the US or reinforcer
A person who gets sick of drinking an alcoholic beverage Pavlovian conditioning
and consequently learns to hate the flavor is an example
of what type of conditioning?
Give an example of a compensatory response? Alcohol causes a drop in body temperature, a conditioned response to a CS
associated with alcohol is typically an increase in body temperature
What is it called when some stimuli are especially Preparedness
effective signals for some USs because evolution has
made them that way?
How does extinction occur? Conditioned response decreases if the CS is presented repeatedly without the US
after conditioning
How does counterconditioning occur? CS is paired with a very different US/UR