MIDTERM 2026 | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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,Cognitive Disabilities Theory Claudia Allen; 1980s
A person's performance in a task indicates the quality of his or her thought.
OT in the 1980s - Florence Clark refines occupational science
- MOHO (1980s)
- PEOP: person-environment-occupation-performance (1996)
Theory of Object Relations Sigmund Freud
- Mental illness is determined by our relations with objects in our environment.
- actions are influenced by defense mechanisms
Defense Mechanisms - displacement
- denial
- projection
- suppression
- regression
Displacement the shifting of blame for an action from a risky target onto a less risky or benign
target
Denial defense mechanism by which people refuse to accept reality.
Projection defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by
attributing them to others
Suppression Defense mechanism by which anxiety-provoking thoughts and feelings are forced
to the unconscious.
Regression defense mechanism in which an individual retreats to a more infantile
psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated
, Developmental Theory Erik Erikson
- People mature through a series of stages that occur in a fixed sequence
Stage 1 Trust vs Mistrust
(Erikson)
- birth - 18 mo
Is my world safe?
Stage 2 Autonomy vs Shame and doubt
(Erikson)
- 2 to 3 yrs old
Can I do things by myself or need I always rely on others?
Stage 3 Initiative vs Guilt
(Erikson)
- 3 to 5
Am I good or bad?
Stage 4 Industry vs Inferiority
(Erikson)
- 6 to 11
How can I be good?
Stage 5 Identity vs Role confusion
(Erikson)
- 12 to 18
Who am I and where am I going?
Stage 6 Intimacy vs Isolation
(Erikson)
- 19 to 40
Am I loved and wanted?
Stage 7 Generativity vs Stagnation
(Erikson)
- 40 to 65
Will I provide something of real value?
Stage 8 Ego identity vs Despair
(Erikson)
- 65 to death
Have I lived a full life?