Biochemistry and Metabolism Complete Exam
Bank With 2026 High Yield Questions and Detailed
Rationales for Medical and Graduate Students
Exam Overview
This comprehensive practice examination contains 300 questions
covering biochemistry and metabolism. The content is divided into five
major sections: Biomolecules and Their Structure, Enzymes and
Bioenergetics, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, and
Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism. Each question is followed by a
detailed rationale explaining the correct answer and why the distractors
are incorrect. This exam is designed to prepare students for
biochemistry coursework and clinical application.
Section One: Biomolecules and Their Structure Questions 1 through 60
Question 1
The four major classes of biomolecules are:
A) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
B) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins
C) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and minerals
D) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water
Answer: A
Explanation: The four major classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These molecules are essential for life.
They are composed of smaller subunits.
Question 2
Carbohydrates are composed of:
,
A) Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
B) Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
C) Carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
D) Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Answer: A
Explanation: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
The general formula is Cn(H2O)n. Carbohydrates are a major source of
energy.
Question 3
Monosaccharides are:
A) Simple sugars with one sugar unit
B) Sugars with two sugar units
C) Sugars with many sugar units
D) Sugars with no sugar units
Answer: A
Explanation: Monosaccharides are simple sugars with one sugar unit.
Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose. They are the simplest
carbohydrates.
Question 4
Glucose is an example of a:
A) Monosaccharide
B) Disaccharide
C) Polysaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide. It is the most important sugar in
metabolism. It is used by cells for energy production.
Question 5
Sucrose is an example of a:
A) Disaccharide
,
B) Monosaccharide
C) Polysaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It
is common table sugar. It is broken down into glucose and fructose during
digestion.
Question 6
Starch is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Starch is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is the
primary energy storage molecule in plants. It is broken down into glucose
during digestion.
Question 7
Glycogen is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is
the primary energy storage molecule in animals. It is stored in the liver and
muscles.
Question 8
Cellulose is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
,
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is
the structural component of plant cell walls. It is not digestible by humans.
Question 9
Lipids are characterized by:
A) Insolubility in water
B) Solubility in water
C) High solubility in water
D) Complete solubility in water
Answer: A
Explanation: Lipids are characterized by insolubility in water. They are
soluble in nonpolar solvents. Lipids include fats, oils, phospholipids, and
steroids.
Question 10
Triglycerides are composed of:
A) Glycerol and three fatty acids
B) Glycerol and three phosphate groups
C) Glycerol and three amino acids
D) Glycerol and three monosaccharides
Answer: A
Explanation: Triglycerides are composed of glycerol and three fatty acids.
They are the main form of stored energy in adipose tissue. They are formed
by esterification.
Question 11
Saturated fatty acids have:
A) No double bonds
B) One double bond
Bank With 2026 High Yield Questions and Detailed
Rationales for Medical and Graduate Students
Exam Overview
This comprehensive practice examination contains 300 questions
covering biochemistry and metabolism. The content is divided into five
major sections: Biomolecules and Their Structure, Enzymes and
Bioenergetics, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, and
Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism. Each question is followed by a
detailed rationale explaining the correct answer and why the distractors
are incorrect. This exam is designed to prepare students for
biochemistry coursework and clinical application.
Section One: Biomolecules and Their Structure Questions 1 through 60
Question 1
The four major classes of biomolecules are:
A) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
B) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins
C) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and minerals
D) Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water
Answer: A
Explanation: The four major classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These molecules are essential for life.
They are composed of smaller subunits.
Question 2
Carbohydrates are composed of:
,
A) Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
B) Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
C) Carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
D) Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Answer: A
Explanation: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
The general formula is Cn(H2O)n. Carbohydrates are a major source of
energy.
Question 3
Monosaccharides are:
A) Simple sugars with one sugar unit
B) Sugars with two sugar units
C) Sugars with many sugar units
D) Sugars with no sugar units
Answer: A
Explanation: Monosaccharides are simple sugars with one sugar unit.
Examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose. They are the simplest
carbohydrates.
Question 4
Glucose is an example of a:
A) Monosaccharide
B) Disaccharide
C) Polysaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Glucose is a monosaccharide. It is the most important sugar in
metabolism. It is used by cells for energy production.
Question 5
Sucrose is an example of a:
A) Disaccharide
,
B) Monosaccharide
C) Polysaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose. It
is common table sugar. It is broken down into glucose and fructose during
digestion.
Question 6
Starch is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Starch is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is the
primary energy storage molecule in plants. It is broken down into glucose
during digestion.
Question 7
Glycogen is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is
the primary energy storage molecule in animals. It is stored in the liver and
muscles.
Question 8
Cellulose is an example of a:
A) Polysaccharide
,
B) Monosaccharide
C) Disaccharide
D) Oligosaccharide
Answer: A
Explanation: Cellulose is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It is
the structural component of plant cell walls. It is not digestible by humans.
Question 9
Lipids are characterized by:
A) Insolubility in water
B) Solubility in water
C) High solubility in water
D) Complete solubility in water
Answer: A
Explanation: Lipids are characterized by insolubility in water. They are
soluble in nonpolar solvents. Lipids include fats, oils, phospholipids, and
steroids.
Question 10
Triglycerides are composed of:
A) Glycerol and three fatty acids
B) Glycerol and three phosphate groups
C) Glycerol and three amino acids
D) Glycerol and three monosaccharides
Answer: A
Explanation: Triglycerides are composed of glycerol and three fatty acids.
They are the main form of stored energy in adipose tissue. They are formed
by esterification.
Question 11
Saturated fatty acids have:
A) No double bonds
B) One double bond
