IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
IGCSE SOCIOLOGY EXAM GRADED A+
Formal Education - correct answer Takes place in classrooms, where there
is a syllabus and set content to be taught.
Informal Education - correct answer Takes place outside classrooms at
home or work or through daily interactions.
Hidden Curriculum - correct answer Attitudes and behaviours that are
taught through the way school is run and how teachers act, rather than
through content of a lesson.
Socialisation - correct answer The process of learning culture.
Secondary socialisation - correct answer Socialisation after the period of
primary socialisation, that is, after the basic norms and values.
,IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Social expectations - correct answer the ways in which people are
expected to behave in a particular situation.
Social control - correct answer Any way in which people are persuaded or
expected to behave in certain ways.
Sanctions - correct answer Any way in which children are reprimanded or
receive something negative for something they have done.
Rewards - correct answer Any way in which children are praised or receive
something positive for what they have done.
Functions of education - correct answer The ways in which education
contributes towards society.
Social Mobility - correct answer The movement of individuals or groups up
and down the social hierarchy (through the class system).
Equality of opportunity - correct answer Where everyone has the same
chance of succeeding.
Meritocracy - correct answer A system in which individuals reach the
social positions they deserve, based on educational achievement, talent
and skills.
,IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Post-compulsory education - correct answer Education after school-leaving
age, where individuals choose to stay in education.
State Schools - correct answer Schools that are run by the government and
therefore are free to students.
Private Schools - correct answer A school that is not run by government.
(fee-paying)
Faith Schools - correct answer Schools controlled by a religious
organisation
Selective education - correct answer Students are selected usually on the
basis on academic achievement.
Comprehensive education - correct answer non-selective secondary
schools accepting all the children of that age in an area.
Life Chances - correct answer The opportunities individuals have to
improve their lives.
Cultural capital - correct answer The knowledge, language, attitudes and
values that give those who have them an advantage in the education
system.
, IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Educational inequality - correct answer (based on class, gender and
ethnicity) when different groups are treated differently or have different
levels of educational achievement..
Positive discrimination - correct answer Giving disadvantaged groups
better treatment than others in an attempt to make up for their
disadvantage.
Social Factors - correct answer Things that affect lifestyle and life chances,
such as wealth, religion and occupation.
Discrimination - correct answer A group being treated unfairly based on
there individual characteristics.
Ethnocentrism - correct answer Seeing, judging, other cultures from the
perspective of your own, so the other culture is devalued.
Intelligence - correct answer Idea of natural 'cleverness' almost impossible
to measure.
Social stratification - correct answer The different levels into which society
is divided, such as the U/C, M/C and W/C, based on differences in
wealth, power and status.
IGCSE SOCIOLOGY EXAM GRADED A+
Formal Education - correct answer Takes place in classrooms, where there
is a syllabus and set content to be taught.
Informal Education - correct answer Takes place outside classrooms at
home or work or through daily interactions.
Hidden Curriculum - correct answer Attitudes and behaviours that are
taught through the way school is run and how teachers act, rather than
through content of a lesson.
Socialisation - correct answer The process of learning culture.
Secondary socialisation - correct answer Socialisation after the period of
primary socialisation, that is, after the basic norms and values.
,IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Social expectations - correct answer the ways in which people are
expected to behave in a particular situation.
Social control - correct answer Any way in which people are persuaded or
expected to behave in certain ways.
Sanctions - correct answer Any way in which children are reprimanded or
receive something negative for something they have done.
Rewards - correct answer Any way in which children are praised or receive
something positive for what they have done.
Functions of education - correct answer The ways in which education
contributes towards society.
Social Mobility - correct answer The movement of individuals or groups up
and down the social hierarchy (through the class system).
Equality of opportunity - correct answer Where everyone has the same
chance of succeeding.
Meritocracy - correct answer A system in which individuals reach the
social positions they deserve, based on educational achievement, talent
and skills.
,IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Post-compulsory education - correct answer Education after school-leaving
age, where individuals choose to stay in education.
State Schools - correct answer Schools that are run by the government and
therefore are free to students.
Private Schools - correct answer A school that is not run by government.
(fee-paying)
Faith Schools - correct answer Schools controlled by a religious
organisation
Selective education - correct answer Students are selected usually on the
basis on academic achievement.
Comprehensive education - correct answer non-selective secondary
schools accepting all the children of that age in an area.
Life Chances - correct answer The opportunities individuals have to
improve their lives.
Cultural capital - correct answer The knowledge, language, attitudes and
values that give those who have them an advantage in the education
system.
, IGCSE SOCIOLOGY
Educational inequality - correct answer (based on class, gender and
ethnicity) when different groups are treated differently or have different
levels of educational achievement..
Positive discrimination - correct answer Giving disadvantaged groups
better treatment than others in an attempt to make up for their
disadvantage.
Social Factors - correct answer Things that affect lifestyle and life chances,
such as wealth, religion and occupation.
Discrimination - correct answer A group being treated unfairly based on
there individual characteristics.
Ethnocentrism - correct answer Seeing, judging, other cultures from the
perspective of your own, so the other culture is devalued.
Intelligence - correct answer Idea of natural 'cleverness' almost impossible
to measure.
Social stratification - correct answer The different levels into which society
is divided, such as the U/C, M/C and W/C, based on differences in
wealth, power and status.
