6/25/26, 9:33 AM NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!!…
NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA
Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100%
Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!! STUDY GUIDE
EXAM
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Terms in this set (138)
What can Reactive Oxygen Species Heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons,
cause? Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), CV disease,
HTN, HLD, DM, ischemic heart disease, HF, OSA.
Lipid perioxidation, damage proteins, fragment
DNA, less protein synthesis, chromatin
destruction, damage mitochondria
What is the body's defense against Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine,
ROS? glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin)
How are free radicals produced? 1. Normal cellular respiration
2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation,
UV light)
3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and
pesticides
4. Transition of metals
5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and
a free radical
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,6/25/26, 9:33 AM NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!!…
action potential Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the
neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then
repolarizes
Threshold potential Point at which depolarization must reach in order
to initiate an action potential
Hypokalemia and action potentials HYPERpolarized (more negative, ex. -100). Less
excitable. Decreased neuromuscular excitability:
weakness, smooth muscle atony, paresthesia,
cardiac dysrhythmias
Hyperkalemia and action potentials HYPOpolarized (more positive, ex: closer to 0).
More excitable. Peaked T waves.
When resting membrane potential=threshold
potential, it is BAD = cardiac standstill, paresthesia,
paralysis
Hypocalcemia and action potentials Increased permeability to Na+. More excitable.
Tetany, hyperreflexia, circumoral paresthesia,
seizures, dysrhythmias.
Hypercalcemia and action potentials Decreased permeability to Na+. Less excitable.
Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy,
confusion, encephalopathy, depressed T waves
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, 6/25/26, 9:33 AM NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!!…
Atrophy Occurs as a result of decrease in work load,
pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal
stimulation, or nervous stimulation. Once the cell
has decreased in size, it has now compensated for
decreased blood supply, nerve supply, nutrient
supply, hormonal supply, and has achieved new
homeostasis. Cells are alive but have diminished
function and may lead to cellular death.
Atrophy examples Physiologic atrophy- shrinking of the thymus gland
during childhood.
Disuse atrophy- someone that ends up being
paralyzed
Hypertrophy Increase in SIZE of cells, which will lead to increase
in size of organ. Caused by hormonal stimulation or
increased functional demand.
Hypertrophy examples physiologic hypertrophy- skeletal hypertrophy
when a person does heavy work or weight lifting /
when a kidney is surgically removed, the other
kidney increases in size
pathologic hypertrophy- cardiomegaly results
from an increased workload in hypertensive
patients / left ventricular hypertrophy
https://quizlet.com/1191693912/nurs-5315-advanced-pathophysiology-2026-uta-exam-1-2026-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-update-2026… 3/16
NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA
Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100%
Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!! STUDY GUIDE
EXAM
Save Add to calendar
Terms in this set (138)
What can Reactive Oxygen Species Heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons,
cause? Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), CV disease,
HTN, HLD, DM, ischemic heart disease, HF, OSA.
Lipid perioxidation, damage proteins, fragment
DNA, less protein synthesis, chromatin
destruction, damage mitochondria
What is the body's defense against Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine,
ROS? glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin)
How are free radicals produced? 1. Normal cellular respiration
2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation,
UV light)
3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and
pesticides
4. Transition of metals
5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and
a free radical
https://quizlet.com/1191693912/nurs-5315-advanced-pathophysiology-2026-uta-exam-1-2026-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-update-2026… 1/16
,6/25/26, 9:33 AM NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!!…
action potential Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the
neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then
repolarizes
Threshold potential Point at which depolarization must reach in order
to initiate an action potential
Hypokalemia and action potentials HYPERpolarized (more negative, ex. -100). Less
excitable. Decreased neuromuscular excitability:
weakness, smooth muscle atony, paresthesia,
cardiac dysrhythmias
Hyperkalemia and action potentials HYPOpolarized (more positive, ex: closer to 0).
More excitable. Peaked T waves.
When resting membrane potential=threshold
potential, it is BAD = cardiac standstill, paresthesia,
paralysis
Hypocalcemia and action potentials Increased permeability to Na+. More excitable.
Tetany, hyperreflexia, circumoral paresthesia,
seizures, dysrhythmias.
Hypercalcemia and action potentials Decreased permeability to Na+. Less excitable.
Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy,
confusion, encephalopathy, depressed T waves
https://quizlet.com/1191693912/nurs-5315-advanced-pathophysiology-2026-uta-exam-1-2026-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-update-2026… 2/16
, 6/25/26, 9:33 AM NURS 5315: Advanced Pathophysiology 2026 UTA Exam 1 (2026) Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions UPDATE |2026!!…
Atrophy Occurs as a result of decrease in work load,
pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal
stimulation, or nervous stimulation. Once the cell
has decreased in size, it has now compensated for
decreased blood supply, nerve supply, nutrient
supply, hormonal supply, and has achieved new
homeostasis. Cells are alive but have diminished
function and may lead to cellular death.
Atrophy examples Physiologic atrophy- shrinking of the thymus gland
during childhood.
Disuse atrophy- someone that ends up being
paralyzed
Hypertrophy Increase in SIZE of cells, which will lead to increase
in size of organ. Caused by hormonal stimulation or
increased functional demand.
Hypertrophy examples physiologic hypertrophy- skeletal hypertrophy
when a person does heavy work or weight lifting /
when a kidney is surgically removed, the other
kidney increases in size
pathologic hypertrophy- cardiomegaly results
from an increased workload in hypertensive
patients / left ventricular hypertrophy
https://quizlet.com/1191693912/nurs-5315-advanced-pathophysiology-2026-uta-exam-1-2026-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-update-2026… 3/16
