GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE |
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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Rationales Included
, Tubular secretion selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and collecting
ducts
Urinary incontinence Leakage of small amounts of urine during physical movement - ie. coughing,
1. Stress sneezing, exercising.
Urinary incontinence leakage of small amounts of urine at UNEXPECTED times - ie. during sleep
2. Urge
Urinary incontinence Untimely urination because of physical disability, external obstacles, or cognitive
3. Functional problems that prevent from reaching the toilet.
Urinary incontinence Unexpected leakage of small amounts of urine due to full bladder
4. Overflow
Urinary incontinence Leakage that occurs temporarily because of a situation that will pass - ie. UTI,
5. Transient infection, pregnancy, cold with coughing.
Urinary incontinence Involuntary loss of urine occurring at predictable intervals when patient reaches
6. Reflex bladder volume - ie. spinal cord damage, loss of urge to void.
Nursing interventions for constipation Sitting in chair, walking
Increase fluids, and fiber
Elimination discomfort exemplars Anal fissure
anorectal abscess
hemorrhoids
interstitial cystitis
pilonidal cyst
urolithiasis
Elimination infection and inflammation exemplars GI:
Infection-- C. Diff
Inflammation--IBD, UC, Crohns
Urinary:
Infection--UTI, kidney infection, pyelonephritis, kidney stones
Colorectal risk factors Over age 50
Race - African American have highest rates
Diet - intake of animal fats and red meat