CARDIOPULMONARY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+

CARDIOPULMONARY FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+

◉ left-sided heart failure. Answer: formerly known as congestive heart
failure, failure in pumping to body from lungs, typically caused by
hypertension, coronary artery, valvular disease


◉ manifestations of left-sided heart failure. Answer: weakness, fatigue,
dizziness, confusion, dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles in lungs, pulmonary
edema, pink frothy sputum, fatigue, restlessness, paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea


◉ right-sided heart failure. Answer: right ventricle not able to empty
completely, increased volume and pressure in the venous system and
peripheral edema, failure in pumping from body to lungs, typically
caused by left ventricular failure, right ventricular MI, pulmonary
hypertension


◉ manifestations of right-sided heart failure. Answer: distended neck
veins, increased abdominal girth, hepatomegaly (liver engorgement),
positive hepatojugular reflux, ascites (fluid buildup in peritoneal cavity),
dependent edema (edema of lower extremities), weight gain (fluid
buildup)


◉ preferred test for cardiac injury/ischemia. Answer: troponin