HSPA CRCST COMPREHENSIVE TEST
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Me.
Answer: Him
●● Contamination.
Answer: The state of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious
organisms or other material
●● Microns.
Answer: A unit of measurement; 1/1000 of a millimeter or 1/25,000 of
an inch; usually designated by the Greek letter "u".
●● Protoplasm.
Answer: Describes all living materials in a cell. A thick mucous-like
substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical
basis of life within the cell nucleus.
●● Components of a cell.
Answer: cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, capsule, flagella, nucleus
,●● Phagotization.
Answer: The process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or other
foreign particles. (process where white blood cells in the human body
destroy bacteria by engulfing them).
●● Cytoplasm.
Answer: The living matter of a cell between the cell's membrane and
nucleus.
●● Nucleus.
Answer: The functional center of a cell that governs activity and
heredity.
●● DNA.
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes
of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity..
●● Cell wall.
Answer: A tough rigid structure that helps maintain the cell's shape.
●● Cell membrane.
Answer: This layer is located just beneath the cell wall which is semi-
permeable.
,●● Capsule.
Answer: A mucus material that protects the bacteria from the host cells
that try to destroy it.
●● Flagella.
Answer: Thread-like tails attached to the cell that enable the bacteria to
move through liquids.
●● Acid-fast bacteria.
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which causes tuberculosis) and
Mycobacterium leprae (which cause leprosy).
●● Spore.
Answer: Microrganisms capable of forming a thick wall around
themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant
form of bacterium.
●● Chlorophyll.
Answer: A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts it to
energy in a process called photosynthesis.
●● Aerobic bacteria.
Answer: Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen. Requiring
oxygen.
, ●● Anaerobic bacteria.
Answer: Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen. Not
requiring oxygen.
●● Psychrophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Cold-loving bacteria (59-68 degrees F)
●● Mseophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Bacteria that grows best at moderate temperatures (68-113
degrees F)
●● Thermophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Bacteria which grow best at a temperatures (122-158 degrees
F).
●● Vegetative stage.
Answer: State of active growth of microorganisms (as apposed to the
resting or spore stages)
●● Angstrom.
Answer: A unit that measure visible light.
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
●● Me.
Answer: Him
●● Contamination.
Answer: The state of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious
organisms or other material
●● Microns.
Answer: A unit of measurement; 1/1000 of a millimeter or 1/25,000 of
an inch; usually designated by the Greek letter "u".
●● Protoplasm.
Answer: Describes all living materials in a cell. A thick mucous-like
substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical
basis of life within the cell nucleus.
●● Components of a cell.
Answer: cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, capsule, flagella, nucleus
,●● Phagotization.
Answer: The process by which some cells can ingest bacteria or other
foreign particles. (process where white blood cells in the human body
destroy bacteria by engulfing them).
●● Cytoplasm.
Answer: The living matter of a cell between the cell's membrane and
nucleus.
●● Nucleus.
Answer: The functional center of a cell that governs activity and
heredity.
●● DNA.
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes
of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity..
●● Cell wall.
Answer: A tough rigid structure that helps maintain the cell's shape.
●● Cell membrane.
Answer: This layer is located just beneath the cell wall which is semi-
permeable.
,●● Capsule.
Answer: A mucus material that protects the bacteria from the host cells
that try to destroy it.
●● Flagella.
Answer: Thread-like tails attached to the cell that enable the bacteria to
move through liquids.
●● Acid-fast bacteria.
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which causes tuberculosis) and
Mycobacterium leprae (which cause leprosy).
●● Spore.
Answer: Microrganisms capable of forming a thick wall around
themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant
form of bacterium.
●● Chlorophyll.
Answer: A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts it to
energy in a process called photosynthesis.
●● Aerobic bacteria.
Answer: Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen. Requiring
oxygen.
, ●● Anaerobic bacteria.
Answer: Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen. Not
requiring oxygen.
●● Psychrophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Cold-loving bacteria (59-68 degrees F)
●● Mseophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Bacteria that grows best at moderate temperatures (68-113
degrees F)
●● Thermophiles (bacteria).
Answer: Bacteria which grow best at a temperatures (122-158 degrees
F).
●● Vegetative stage.
Answer: State of active growth of microorganisms (as apposed to the
resting or spore stages)
●● Angstrom.
Answer: A unit that measure visible light.
