ATI PEDIATRIC NURSING: COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW QUESTIONS ON
IMMUNIZATIONS, GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT, AND POSTOPERATIVE
CARE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. According to the CDC, which immunization is recommended for an infant at
birth?
A. Rotavirus (RV)
B. DTaP
C. Hepatitis B
D. IPV
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CDC recommends the Hepatitis B vaccine at birth. The other
vaccines (DTaP, RV, IPV) are not given until the 2-month visit.
2. An infant is at the 4-month well-child visit. Which vaccines should the nurse
prepare to administer according to the CDC schedule?
A. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, PCV
B. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, Hib
C. Hepatitis B only
D. Seasonal influenza and Hep B
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: At 4 months, the CDC schedule includes DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, and PCV.
Hepatitis B is not given at 4 months (it is given at birth, 2 months, and 6 months).
3. The mother of a 6-month-old asks which immunizations are due at this visit.
What is the nurse’s best response?
A. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, PCV
B. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, Hib
,C. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, seasonal influenza
D. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: At 6 months, the CDC recommends DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, and
Hib. Seasonal influenza is not recommended until 6–12 months, but it is not part
of the standard 6-month schedule.
4. For infants between 6 and 12 months of age, which vaccine is recommended
annually?
A. Hepatitis B
B. Rotavirus
C. Seasonal influenza
D. Hib
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CDC recommends seasonal influenza vaccine yearly for infants 6–
12 months old. The other vaccines listed are given at specific earlier visits.
5. What is the preferred source of complex nutrition for an infant during the first
6 months of life?
A. Iron-fortified formula
B. Whole cow’s milk
C. Breastfeeding
D. Soy-based formula
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Breastfeeding provides a complex, well-balanced diet ideal for the
first 6 months. Iron-fortified formula is an acceptable alternative, not the
preferred source.
,6. If breastfeeding is not possible, what is considered an acceptable alternative
for an infant?
A. Goat’s milk
B. Iron-fortified formula
C. Low-iron formula
D. Diluted cow’s milk
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Iron-fortified formula is the recommended alternative to breast milk.
Other options lack proper nutrition or may be unsafe.
7. A nurse is teaching car seat safety to new parents. How long should infants
and toddlers remain rear-facing in the car seat?
A. Until 1 year of age
B. Until they weigh 20 pounds
C. Until 2 years of age
D. Until they can sit upright unassisted
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The recommendation is to keep children rear-facing until at least 2
years of age for optimal safety.
8. A child who is 18 months old should be placed in which position in the car
seat?
A. Forward-facing
B. Rear-facing
C. Booster seat
D. Front seat with airbag on
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Children should remain rear-facing until 2 years of age, so an 18-
month-old should still be rear-facing.
, 9. Following a tonsillectomy, the nurse monitors for signs of hemorrhage. Which
finding is most concerning?
A. Mild throat pain
B. Tachycardia and repeated swallowing
C. Low-grade fever
D. Refusing clear liquids
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tachycardia, repeated swallowing/clearing of throat, and hemoptysis
are signs of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Pain and fever are expected.
10. A child who had a tonsillectomy is noted to have frequent throat clearing
and a heart rate of 140 bpm. What should the nurse suspect?
A. Normal post-op recovery
B. Dehydration
C. Hemorrhage
D. Pain
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: These are classic signs of bleeding after tonsillectomy. The nurse
should assess the throat and notify the provider.
11. The stage of infection that begins when the pathogen enters the body and
ends with the first symptom is called:
A. Prodromal stage
B. Incubation period
C. Convalescent stage
D. Acute stage
IMMUNIZATIONS, GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT, AND POSTOPERATIVE
CARE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. According to the CDC, which immunization is recommended for an infant at
birth?
A. Rotavirus (RV)
B. DTaP
C. Hepatitis B
D. IPV
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CDC recommends the Hepatitis B vaccine at birth. The other
vaccines (DTaP, RV, IPV) are not given until the 2-month visit.
2. An infant is at the 4-month well-child visit. Which vaccines should the nurse
prepare to administer according to the CDC schedule?
A. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, PCV
B. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, Hib
C. Hepatitis B only
D. Seasonal influenza and Hep B
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: At 4 months, the CDC schedule includes DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, and PCV.
Hepatitis B is not given at 4 months (it is given at birth, 2 months, and 6 months).
3. The mother of a 6-month-old asks which immunizations are due at this visit.
What is the nurse’s best response?
A. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib, PCV
B. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, Hib
,C. DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, seasonal influenza
D. DTaP, RV, IPV, Hib
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: At 6 months, the CDC recommends DTaP, IPV, PCV, Hep B, RV, and
Hib. Seasonal influenza is not recommended until 6–12 months, but it is not part
of the standard 6-month schedule.
4. For infants between 6 and 12 months of age, which vaccine is recommended
annually?
A. Hepatitis B
B. Rotavirus
C. Seasonal influenza
D. Hib
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The CDC recommends seasonal influenza vaccine yearly for infants 6–
12 months old. The other vaccines listed are given at specific earlier visits.
5. What is the preferred source of complex nutrition for an infant during the first
6 months of life?
A. Iron-fortified formula
B. Whole cow’s milk
C. Breastfeeding
D. Soy-based formula
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Breastfeeding provides a complex, well-balanced diet ideal for the
first 6 months. Iron-fortified formula is an acceptable alternative, not the
preferred source.
,6. If breastfeeding is not possible, what is considered an acceptable alternative
for an infant?
A. Goat’s milk
B. Iron-fortified formula
C. Low-iron formula
D. Diluted cow’s milk
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Iron-fortified formula is the recommended alternative to breast milk.
Other options lack proper nutrition or may be unsafe.
7. A nurse is teaching car seat safety to new parents. How long should infants
and toddlers remain rear-facing in the car seat?
A. Until 1 year of age
B. Until they weigh 20 pounds
C. Until 2 years of age
D. Until they can sit upright unassisted
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The recommendation is to keep children rear-facing until at least 2
years of age for optimal safety.
8. A child who is 18 months old should be placed in which position in the car
seat?
A. Forward-facing
B. Rear-facing
C. Booster seat
D. Front seat with airbag on
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Children should remain rear-facing until 2 years of age, so an 18-
month-old should still be rear-facing.
, 9. Following a tonsillectomy, the nurse monitors for signs of hemorrhage. Which
finding is most concerning?
A. Mild throat pain
B. Tachycardia and repeated swallowing
C. Low-grade fever
D. Refusing clear liquids
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tachycardia, repeated swallowing/clearing of throat, and hemoptysis
are signs of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Pain and fever are expected.
10. A child who had a tonsillectomy is noted to have frequent throat clearing
and a heart rate of 140 bpm. What should the nurse suspect?
A. Normal post-op recovery
B. Dehydration
C. Hemorrhage
D. Pain
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: These are classic signs of bleeding after tonsillectomy. The nurse
should assess the throat and notify the provider.
11. The stage of infection that begins when the pathogen enters the body and
ends with the first symptom is called:
A. Prodromal stage
B. Incubation period
C. Convalescent stage
D. Acute stage
