NR 566 MIDTERM EXAM 2026 /2027
Questions and Answers Graded A+
Community Acquired Pneumonia - Common Pathogens - Correct answer--S.
pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma spp.
-H. influenzae
-Staphylococcus aureus
Community Acquired Pneumonia - 1st line treatment for previously healthy adults
and what to give if 1st drug didn't work? - Correct answer-1st line: Amoxicillin,
doxycycline and macrolide (Azithromycin)
Second choice: Levaquin (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Pneumoniae in pediatric patients? - Correct answer-Macrolides:
Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin
Treatment of community acquired pneumonia in pregnancy - Correct answer-
Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or erythromycin
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,If someone has been treated w/ an antibiotic in the previous 90 days of contracting
CAP, a quinolone would be prudent choice to prescribe. Be familiar with drug
examples w/n the antibiotic class - Correct answer-"floxacin"
Genifloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in an infant? - Correct answer-Erythromycin
12.5 mg/kg PO QID x 14 days
When to use a broad-spectrum anitbiotic? - Correct answer--before cultures result
-critically ill patient
-empiric therapy
-pathogen is unknown or multiple types of bacteria suspected
-Gram + cocci and Gram - Bacilli
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics - Correct answer--active against only a few species of
microogranisms
-used when pathogen is known
-reduces risk of disruption of normal flora and development of antibiotic resistance
-preferred when possible
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, -Gram + cocci, Gram - bacilli, gram - aerobes, mycobacterium TB
Empiric antibiotics - What are they? - Correct answer-Broad spectrum antibiotics
-Ciprofloxacin, timethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin
When to prescribed empiric antibiotics - Correct answer--patient has severe
infection
-before test results are available
-based on clinical evaluation and knowledge of microbes that are most likely
causing the infection
C. Diff associated diarrhea - how to treat? - Correct answer-Stop prior antibiotic
and start Vancomycin or Fidaxomicin or Metronidazole
Chart in Book
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff -
Correct answer--Cephalosporins
Specifically: 2nd generation (Cefoxitin) and 3rd generation (Cefotaxime)
-Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin)
-Clindamycin
Penicillin - Cross-sensitivity reaction - Correct answer-Cephalosporins
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Questions and Answers Graded A+
Community Acquired Pneumonia - Common Pathogens - Correct answer--S.
pneumoniae
-Mycoplasma spp.
-H. influenzae
-Staphylococcus aureus
Community Acquired Pneumonia - 1st line treatment for previously healthy adults
and what to give if 1st drug didn't work? - Correct answer-1st line: Amoxicillin,
doxycycline and macrolide (Azithromycin)
Second choice: Levaquin (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Pneumoniae in pediatric patients? - Correct answer-Macrolides:
Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Clarithromycin
Treatment of community acquired pneumonia in pregnancy - Correct answer-
Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or erythromycin
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,If someone has been treated w/ an antibiotic in the previous 90 days of contracting
CAP, a quinolone would be prudent choice to prescribe. Be familiar with drug
examples w/n the antibiotic class - Correct answer-"floxacin"
Genifloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in an infant? - Correct answer-Erythromycin
12.5 mg/kg PO QID x 14 days
When to use a broad-spectrum anitbiotic? - Correct answer--before cultures result
-critically ill patient
-empiric therapy
-pathogen is unknown or multiple types of bacteria suspected
-Gram + cocci and Gram - Bacilli
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics - Correct answer--active against only a few species of
microogranisms
-used when pathogen is known
-reduces risk of disruption of normal flora and development of antibiotic resistance
-preferred when possible
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, -Gram + cocci, Gram - bacilli, gram - aerobes, mycobacterium TB
Empiric antibiotics - What are they? - Correct answer-Broad spectrum antibiotics
-Ciprofloxacin, timethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin
When to prescribed empiric antibiotics - Correct answer--patient has severe
infection
-before test results are available
-based on clinical evaluation and knowledge of microbes that are most likely
causing the infection
C. Diff associated diarrhea - how to treat? - Correct answer-Stop prior antibiotic
and start Vancomycin or Fidaxomicin or Metronidazole
Chart in Book
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff -
Correct answer--Cephalosporins
Specifically: 2nd generation (Cefoxitin) and 3rd generation (Cefotaxime)
-Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin)
-Clindamycin
Penicillin - Cross-sensitivity reaction - Correct answer-Cephalosporins
©COPYRIGHT 2025,ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
