PORTAGE LEARNING ANATOMY &
PHYSIOLOGY II: MODULE 7 EXAM 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Which of the following is true concerning ADH?
A. It is produced by the adrenal glands.
B. It is produced in response to increased water in the blood.
C. Correct! It retains up to 99% of water in the filtrate.
D. It is unable to respond during severe blood loss.
What is countercurrent flow? How does the nephron use
this to maintain homeostasis?
Countercurrent flow is the movement of fluids in opposite
directions through adjacent channels. In the nephron,
filtrate flows in one direction through the renal tubules
while blood in the adjacent blood vessels flows in the
opposite direction.
Describe the action of aldosterone on the concentrations
of sodium and hydrogen in the filtrate.
Sodium is removed from the filtrate while hydrogen is
pumped inside the filtrate.
Describe the action of a drug that increases the rate of flow
through the nephron.
This would be a diuretic. When the filtrate moves at a
faster rate through the nephron it allows less time for ions
to be removed from the filtrate.
, Which of the following is true concerning cardiovascular
baroreceptors?
A. Correct! They are mechanoreceptors found in the aortic
arch and carotid sinus.
B. They are in the lungs and the kidneys.
C. These are chemoreceptors found in the hypothalamus.
D. They are regulated by the hypoglossal and spinal accessory
cranial nerves.
Which of the following is an abnormal solute in urine?
A. Urea
B. Nitrogenous wastes
C. Ammonia
D. Magnesium
E. Correct! Bile pigment
Water in the body is primarily found in what body
compartment?
A. Extracellular
B. Correct! Intracellular
C. Interstitial
D. Plasma
E. Synovial joints
Urine with a pH of 5.0 is:
A. Correct! within normal range; acidic
B. within normal range; alkaline
C. outside normal range; acidic
PHYSIOLOGY II: MODULE 7 EXAM 2026/2027
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS.
Which of the following is true concerning ADH?
A. It is produced by the adrenal glands.
B. It is produced in response to increased water in the blood.
C. Correct! It retains up to 99% of water in the filtrate.
D. It is unable to respond during severe blood loss.
What is countercurrent flow? How does the nephron use
this to maintain homeostasis?
Countercurrent flow is the movement of fluids in opposite
directions through adjacent channels. In the nephron,
filtrate flows in one direction through the renal tubules
while blood in the adjacent blood vessels flows in the
opposite direction.
Describe the action of aldosterone on the concentrations
of sodium and hydrogen in the filtrate.
Sodium is removed from the filtrate while hydrogen is
pumped inside the filtrate.
Describe the action of a drug that increases the rate of flow
through the nephron.
This would be a diuretic. When the filtrate moves at a
faster rate through the nephron it allows less time for ions
to be removed from the filtrate.
, Which of the following is true concerning cardiovascular
baroreceptors?
A. Correct! They are mechanoreceptors found in the aortic
arch and carotid sinus.
B. They are in the lungs and the kidneys.
C. These are chemoreceptors found in the hypothalamus.
D. They are regulated by the hypoglossal and spinal accessory
cranial nerves.
Which of the following is an abnormal solute in urine?
A. Urea
B. Nitrogenous wastes
C. Ammonia
D. Magnesium
E. Correct! Bile pigment
Water in the body is primarily found in what body
compartment?
A. Extracellular
B. Correct! Intracellular
C. Interstitial
D. Plasma
E. Synovial joints
Urine with a pH of 5.0 is:
A. Correct! within normal range; acidic
B. within normal range; alkaline
C. outside normal range; acidic
