LEHNE PHARM BIPOLAR DISORDER
PHARMACOTHERAPY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWER WITH DETAILED RATIONALES|
A+ GURANTEED.
1. Bipolar I disorder is defined by the presence of at least:
A. One hypomanic episode only
B. One manic episode
C. One depressive episode only
D. Two depressive episodes
Rationale: Bipolar I requires at least one manic episode for diagnosis.
2. Bipolar II disorder requires:
A. One manic episode
B. Two manic episodes
C. One hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode
D. Psychosis only
Rationale: Bipolar II involves hypomania + depression, not full mania.
3. A hypomanic episode differs from mania because it:
A. Always requires hospitalization
B. Does not cause marked impairment or hospitalization
C. Includes psychosis
D. Lasts more than 2 months
Rationale: Hypomania is less severe than mania.
4. First-line mood stabilizer for acute mania:
A. Fluoxetine
B. Lithium
C. Diazepam
D. Sertraline
Rationale: Lithium is a first-line agent for acute mania.
5. Which drug is most associated with preventing suicide in bipolar disorder?
A. Valproate
, B. Lithium
C. Carbamazepine
D. Lamotrigine
Rationale: Lithium has strong anti-suicidal effects.
6. A key mechanism of lithium is:
A. Dopamine agonism
B. Modulation of second messenger systems (IP3/DAG)
C. GABA antagonism
D. MAO inhibition
Rationale: Lithium affects intracellular signaling pathways.
7. Valproic acid is especially useful in:
A. Pure depression
B. Mild anxiety
C. Mixed and rapid cycling states
D. OCD
Rationale: Valproate is effective in rapid cycling and mixed mania.
8. Lamotrigine is mainly used for:
A. Acute mania
B. Bipolar depression maintenance prevention
C. Psychosis
D. Insomnia
Rationale: Lamotrigine is effective for bipolar depression prevention.
9. Which drug carries highest risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
A. Lithium
B. Valproate
C. Lamotrigine
D. Haloperidol
Rationale: Lamotrigine has SJS risk, especially if titrated quickly.
10.Antidepressants in bipolar disorder should:
A. Be used alone
, B. Always be first-line
C. Be combined with a mood stabilizer
D. Be avoided in all cases
Rationale: Antidepressants alone may trigger mania.
11.A common side effect of lithium is:
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Tremor
C. Hair loss reversal
D. Bradycardia prevention
Rationale: Lithium commonly causes tremor.
12.Lithium toxicity is most associated with:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Dehydration and NSAID use
C. High protein diet
D. Exercise
Rationale: NSAIDs and dehydration increase lithium levels.
13.Therapeutic lithium range (acute mania) is:
A. 0.1–0.3 mmol/L
B. 0.8–1.2 mmol/L
C. 2.0–3.0 mmol/L
D. 3.5–4.5 mmol/L
Rationale: Standard therapeutic range is 0.8–1.2.
14.Lithium requires monitoring of:
A. Vision
B. Hearing
C. Thyroid function
D. Lung function
Rationale: Lithium can cause hypothyroidism.
15.Valproate mechanism:
A. MAO inhibition
PHARMACOTHERAPY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWER WITH DETAILED RATIONALES|
A+ GURANTEED.
1. Bipolar I disorder is defined by the presence of at least:
A. One hypomanic episode only
B. One manic episode
C. One depressive episode only
D. Two depressive episodes
Rationale: Bipolar I requires at least one manic episode for diagnosis.
2. Bipolar II disorder requires:
A. One manic episode
B. Two manic episodes
C. One hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode
D. Psychosis only
Rationale: Bipolar II involves hypomania + depression, not full mania.
3. A hypomanic episode differs from mania because it:
A. Always requires hospitalization
B. Does not cause marked impairment or hospitalization
C. Includes psychosis
D. Lasts more than 2 months
Rationale: Hypomania is less severe than mania.
4. First-line mood stabilizer for acute mania:
A. Fluoxetine
B. Lithium
C. Diazepam
D. Sertraline
Rationale: Lithium is a first-line agent for acute mania.
5. Which drug is most associated with preventing suicide in bipolar disorder?
A. Valproate
, B. Lithium
C. Carbamazepine
D. Lamotrigine
Rationale: Lithium has strong anti-suicidal effects.
6. A key mechanism of lithium is:
A. Dopamine agonism
B. Modulation of second messenger systems (IP3/DAG)
C. GABA antagonism
D. MAO inhibition
Rationale: Lithium affects intracellular signaling pathways.
7. Valproic acid is especially useful in:
A. Pure depression
B. Mild anxiety
C. Mixed and rapid cycling states
D. OCD
Rationale: Valproate is effective in rapid cycling and mixed mania.
8. Lamotrigine is mainly used for:
A. Acute mania
B. Bipolar depression maintenance prevention
C. Psychosis
D. Insomnia
Rationale: Lamotrigine is effective for bipolar depression prevention.
9. Which drug carries highest risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
A. Lithium
B. Valproate
C. Lamotrigine
D. Haloperidol
Rationale: Lamotrigine has SJS risk, especially if titrated quickly.
10.Antidepressants in bipolar disorder should:
A. Be used alone
, B. Always be first-line
C. Be combined with a mood stabilizer
D. Be avoided in all cases
Rationale: Antidepressants alone may trigger mania.
11.A common side effect of lithium is:
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Tremor
C. Hair loss reversal
D. Bradycardia prevention
Rationale: Lithium commonly causes tremor.
12.Lithium toxicity is most associated with:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Dehydration and NSAID use
C. High protein diet
D. Exercise
Rationale: NSAIDs and dehydration increase lithium levels.
13.Therapeutic lithium range (acute mania) is:
A. 0.1–0.3 mmol/L
B. 0.8–1.2 mmol/L
C. 2.0–3.0 mmol/L
D. 3.5–4.5 mmol/L
Rationale: Standard therapeutic range is 0.8–1.2.
14.Lithium requires monitoring of:
A. Vision
B. Hearing
C. Thyroid function
D. Lung function
Rationale: Lithium can cause hypothyroidism.
15.Valproate mechanism:
A. MAO inhibition
