BIOL 2160 COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK
2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
●● Functions of the KIDNEY:
Maintain _______ balance in the body
Maintain proper _______________ of body fluids (BLOOD), primarily
through regulating ______ balance
Regulate the quantity and concentration of most _______ ions
Maintain proper __________ volume
Help maintain proper ___________ balance in the body
Excreting (eliminating) the ______ products (wastes) of bodily
metabolism. Answer: H2O
Osmolarity; H2O
ECF
,Plasma
Acid-base
End
●● The URINARY system consists of urine forming organs like the
___________.
It also contains structures that carry urine from the kidneys to the outside
for _____________ from the body like the ______________,
___________________ and __________________.. Answer: Kidney
Elimination
Ureters, urinary bladder and urethra
●● Ureters have a ____________ muscle-walled duct. They exit each
__________ and carry urine to the ____________________.. Answer:
Smooth; Kidney; Urinary Bladder
●● The urinary bladder temporarily stores __________. It has a hollow,
distensible, ___________ muscle-walled sac. It periodically empties to
,the outside of the body through the ___________.. Answer: Urine;
Smooth; Urethra
●● The urethra conveys __________ to the outside of the body.
What is it straight and short in? What is it much longer and curvy in?
The urethra has DUAL FUNCTION. What are the two functions?.
Answer: Urine
Females; Males
1. Provides route for urine to leave the bladder
2. Passageway for semen from reproductive organs
●● The nephron has a ____________ component, ________________
component and a ___________________________ component..
Answer: Vascular, Tubular and Combined Vasculartubular
●● Which two processes involve trans-epithelial support?. Answer:
Secretion and re-absorption
●● Vascular component basically means blood.
, The dominant part of the vascular component of a nephron is the
_______________. It is basically a ball of _______________. Water and
solutes are filtered through it as _________ passes through it. It also
filters a ________________ plasma into the tubular component. Answer:
Glomerulus
Capillaries
Blood
Protein-free
●● VASCULAR COMPONENT OF A NEPHRON
Glomerulus
Afferent Arteriole - carries blood __________ the GLOMERULUS
Efferent Arteriole - carries blood ___________ the GLOMERULUS
Peritubular capillaries - supply the _________ tissue; involved in
exchanges with the fluid in the tubular _________. Answer: To
2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
●● Functions of the KIDNEY:
Maintain _______ balance in the body
Maintain proper _______________ of body fluids (BLOOD), primarily
through regulating ______ balance
Regulate the quantity and concentration of most _______ ions
Maintain proper __________ volume
Help maintain proper ___________ balance in the body
Excreting (eliminating) the ______ products (wastes) of bodily
metabolism. Answer: H2O
Osmolarity; H2O
ECF
,Plasma
Acid-base
End
●● The URINARY system consists of urine forming organs like the
___________.
It also contains structures that carry urine from the kidneys to the outside
for _____________ from the body like the ______________,
___________________ and __________________.. Answer: Kidney
Elimination
Ureters, urinary bladder and urethra
●● Ureters have a ____________ muscle-walled duct. They exit each
__________ and carry urine to the ____________________.. Answer:
Smooth; Kidney; Urinary Bladder
●● The urinary bladder temporarily stores __________. It has a hollow,
distensible, ___________ muscle-walled sac. It periodically empties to
,the outside of the body through the ___________.. Answer: Urine;
Smooth; Urethra
●● The urethra conveys __________ to the outside of the body.
What is it straight and short in? What is it much longer and curvy in?
The urethra has DUAL FUNCTION. What are the two functions?.
Answer: Urine
Females; Males
1. Provides route for urine to leave the bladder
2. Passageway for semen from reproductive organs
●● The nephron has a ____________ component, ________________
component and a ___________________________ component..
Answer: Vascular, Tubular and Combined Vasculartubular
●● Which two processes involve trans-epithelial support?. Answer:
Secretion and re-absorption
●● Vascular component basically means blood.
, The dominant part of the vascular component of a nephron is the
_______________. It is basically a ball of _______________. Water and
solutes are filtered through it as _________ passes through it. It also
filters a ________________ plasma into the tubular component. Answer:
Glomerulus
Capillaries
Blood
Protein-free
●● VASCULAR COMPONENT OF A NEPHRON
Glomerulus
Afferent Arteriole - carries blood __________ the GLOMERULUS
Efferent Arteriole - carries blood ___________ the GLOMERULUS
Peritubular capillaries - supply the _________ tissue; involved in
exchanges with the fluid in the tubular _________. Answer: To
