Molecular Biology Test Review Questions and Accurate Revised Answers for Biology and Health Sciences Students

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ACCURATE REVISED ANSWERS
1. DNA and RNA are polymers called_, and are made of monomers

called

: nucleic acids; amino acids

2. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?: nitrogen base, phosphate group,

sugar

3. What does the pentagon, indicated by the number 1 on the

figure, repre-sent?: sugar

4. What does the circle, indicated by the number 2 on the figure,

represent?: -

phosphate

5. What do the numbers 3 and 4 on the figure represent?: nitrogen

base

6. What type of sugar is found in DNA?: deoxyribose

7. What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?: adenine, guanine, cytosine,

thymine

8. How do the bases pair in DNA?: adenine and thymine; cytosine and guanine

9. What scientist discovered the base pairing rules?: chargatt

10. List the three ways that RNA is different from DNA.: 1. In DNA, the
1/
9

, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ACCURATE REVISED ANSWERS
sugar is deoxyribose and in RNA the sugar is ribose.

2. In RNA, thymine is changed from thymine to uracil.

3. RNA is usually single stranded unlike DNA which is a double helix.

11. If the DNA double helix were a twisted ladder, what would

the sides of the ladder be made of?: sugar and phosphate

12. What type of bonds hold together the sides of the DNA

molecule?: covalent

13. What would the rungs of the ladder be made of?: 4 Nitrogen bases-

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

14. What type of bonds hold together the rungs of the DNA

molecule?: hydrogen

15. Who discovered the structure of DNA?: watson and crick

16. What term did the scientists Watson and Crick give to the

structure of the DNA molecule?: double-helix

17. A is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.: gene

18. For DNA to code for protein, the genetic code must first be

converted into

by the process of .: RNA, transcription

2/
9