TEST BANK
TEST BANK
, Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of
Administration
1. A nurse is reviewing the pharmacokinetics of oral medications with a group of newly licensed
nurses. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as influencing the rate of oral
medication absorption?
A. The route by which the medication was manufactured and packaged
B. The GI pH, gastric emptying time, and presence of food in the stomach
C. The number of protein-binding sites available in the plasma
D. The medication's half-life and its therapeutic index
Correct Answer: B. The GI pH, gastric emptying time, and presence of food in the stomach.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet to a client experiencing
chest pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when teaching the
client about this route?
A. "Swallow the tablet quickly so it absorbs faster into your system."
B. "Chew the tablet gently to help it dissolve more rapidly."
C. "Keep the tablet in place under your tongue and avoid eating or drinking until it fully
dissolves."
D. "Place the tablet between your cheek and gum and hold it there for 30 minutes."
Correct Answer: C. "Keep the tablet in place under your tongue and avoid eating or drinking
until it fully dissolves."
3. A nurse is administering eye drops to a client who has glaucoma. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to minimize systemic absorption of the medication?
, A. Have the client blink rapidly after instillation to distribute the drops evenly
B. Instill the drops directly onto the center of the cornea for best absorption
C. Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds after instillation
D. Ask the client to keep their eyes wide open for 5 minutes after the drops are instilled
Correct Answer: C. Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds after
instillation.
4. A nurse is explaining the first-pass effect to a nursing student. Which of the following
statements best describes this pharmacokinetic concept?
A. The medication is rapidly excreted by the kidneys before it can reach systemic circulation
B. The liver inactivates some medications on their first pass through, requiring a nonenteral
route for these drugs
C. The medication binds to plasma proteins before it can distribute to target tissues
D. The drug is absorbed through the skin slowly and reaches peak concentration after 24 hours
Correct Answer: B. The liver inactivates some medications on their first pass through, requiring
a nonenteral route for these drugs.
5. A nurse is administering ear drops to an adult client who has otitis externa. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take when instilling the medication?
A. Pull the auricle downward and back before instilling the drops
B. Pull the auricle upward and outward before instilling the drops
C. Insert the dropper tip 2 cm into the ear canal before releasing the drops
, D. Have the client sit upright and tilt their head away from the affected ear
Correct Answer: B. Pull the auricle upward and outward before instilling the drops.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed a medication with a very long half-life of
36 hours. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a concern related to this
pharmacokinetic property?
A. The medication will require frequent dosing to maintain therapeutic levels
B. The medication may accumulate in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity
C. The medication will be ineffective because it leaves the body too slowly
D. The medication will need to be administered by the IV route only
Correct Answer: B. The medication may accumulate in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to a client who has asthma.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when teaching the client about
proper technique?
A. "Inhale the medication as fast as you can to get it deep into your lungs."
B. "Shake the inhaler vigorously five or six times before each use."
C. "Place the inhaler directly against your lips and spray while holding your breath."
D. "After pressing the inhaler, exhale immediately so the medication coats your throat."
Correct Answer: B. "Shake the inhaler vigorously five or six times before each use."
8. A nurse is preparing to administer a transdermal patch to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
TEST BANK
, Chapter 1: Pharmacokinetics and Routes of
Administration
1. A nurse is reviewing the pharmacokinetics of oral medications with a group of newly licensed
nurses. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as influencing the rate of oral
medication absorption?
A. The route by which the medication was manufactured and packaged
B. The GI pH, gastric emptying time, and presence of food in the stomach
C. The number of protein-binding sites available in the plasma
D. The medication's half-life and its therapeutic index
Correct Answer: B. The GI pH, gastric emptying time, and presence of food in the stomach.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet to a client experiencing
chest pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when teaching the
client about this route?
A. "Swallow the tablet quickly so it absorbs faster into your system."
B. "Chew the tablet gently to help it dissolve more rapidly."
C. "Keep the tablet in place under your tongue and avoid eating or drinking until it fully
dissolves."
D. "Place the tablet between your cheek and gum and hold it there for 30 minutes."
Correct Answer: C. "Keep the tablet in place under your tongue and avoid eating or drinking
until it fully dissolves."
3. A nurse is administering eye drops to a client who has glaucoma. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take to minimize systemic absorption of the medication?
, A. Have the client blink rapidly after instillation to distribute the drops evenly
B. Instill the drops directly onto the center of the cornea for best absorption
C. Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds after instillation
D. Ask the client to keep their eyes wide open for 5 minutes after the drops are instilled
Correct Answer: C. Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds after
instillation.
4. A nurse is explaining the first-pass effect to a nursing student. Which of the following
statements best describes this pharmacokinetic concept?
A. The medication is rapidly excreted by the kidneys before it can reach systemic circulation
B. The liver inactivates some medications on their first pass through, requiring a nonenteral
route for these drugs
C. The medication binds to plasma proteins before it can distribute to target tissues
D. The drug is absorbed through the skin slowly and reaches peak concentration after 24 hours
Correct Answer: B. The liver inactivates some medications on their first pass through, requiring
a nonenteral route for these drugs.
5. A nurse is administering ear drops to an adult client who has otitis externa. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take when instilling the medication?
A. Pull the auricle downward and back before instilling the drops
B. Pull the auricle upward and outward before instilling the drops
C. Insert the dropper tip 2 cm into the ear canal before releasing the drops
, D. Have the client sit upright and tilt their head away from the affected ear
Correct Answer: B. Pull the auricle upward and outward before instilling the drops.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed a medication with a very long half-life of
36 hours. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a concern related to this
pharmacokinetic property?
A. The medication will require frequent dosing to maintain therapeutic levels
B. The medication may accumulate in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity
C. The medication will be ineffective because it leaves the body too slowly
D. The medication will need to be administered by the IV route only
Correct Answer: B. The medication may accumulate in the body, increasing the risk of toxicity.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to a client who has asthma.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when teaching the client about
proper technique?
A. "Inhale the medication as fast as you can to get it deep into your lungs."
B. "Shake the inhaler vigorously five or six times before each use."
C. "Place the inhaler directly against your lips and spray while holding your breath."
D. "After pressing the inhaler, exhale immediately so the medication coats your throat."
Correct Answer: B. "Shake the inhaler vigorously five or six times before each use."
8. A nurse is preparing to administer a transdermal patch to a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
