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CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY
SCIENCE GRADE 8
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CHAPTER: Electricity and Magnetism
CONTENTS
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Introduction: How to Ace Your Exam
Topic 1: Static Electricity
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1.1 What is Static Electricity?
1.2 Why a Charged Object Picks Up Neutral Objects
Topic 2: Current Electricity & Materials
2.1 What is Electric Current?
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2.2 Why Metals Conduct Electricity
2.3 Conductors and Insulators
Topic 3: Circuit Components & Symbols
3.1 How a Cell Powers a Circuit
3.2 Standard Circuit Symbols List
Topic 4: Measuring Electricity
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4.1 Electric Current (I)
4.2 Voltage (V)
4.3 Resistance ®
4.4 The Ohm’s Law Formula Relationship
Topic 5: Changing Circuits
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5.1 Changing the Voltage
5.2 Changing the Components
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Topic 6: Circuit Types: Series vs. Parallel
6.1 Current in a Series Circuit
6.2 Current in a Parallel Circuit
BONUS REVISION PACK
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Core Electrical Quantities Summary Table
Series vs. Parallel Circuits Comparison Table
Words to Know (Glossary)
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CAMBRIDGE SCIENCE: GRADE 8
CHAPTER: ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM
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1. Static Electricity
1.1 What is Static Electricity?
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Static electricity is a buildup of electric charge on the surface of an object. This happens
when two different materials rub against each other. The rubbing creates friction, which
forces tiny particles called electrons to move from one object to the other.
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Inside an atom, the center parts are locked in place, but the electrons orbit on the
outside and can move easily. When you rub an acrylic plastic rod with a dry cloth,
electrons leave the rod and move onto the cloth.
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The Cloth: It gains extra electrons, so it gets a negative charge.
The Rod: It loses electrons, so it is left with a positive charge.
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