NSG 5240 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026|2027 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf| South College

NSG 5240 Advanced Pharmacology Midte
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rm Practice Exam Questions And Correct A
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nswers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
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1. Which receptor type is primarily targeted by beta-blockers?
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A. Alpha-1
B. Beta-1 and Beta-2 v v




C. Muscarinic
D. Dopaminergic
Beta-blockers block beta- v v




1 receptors in the heart to decrease heart rate and contractility, and be
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ta-
2 receptors in the lungs may be affected, leading to bronchoconstrictio
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n.

2. The therapeutic effect of loop diuretics is mainly due to inhibition of:
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A. Distal convoluted tubule sodium reabsorption
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, B. Thick ascending loop of Henle sodium-potassium-
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chloride cotransporter v




C. Proximal tubule sodium-glucose transporter v v v




D. Collecting duct aquaporins v v




Loop diuretics inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl-
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cotransporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle, leading to potent di
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uresis.

3. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of ACE in
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hibitors?
A. Beta-adrenergic blockade v




B. Calcium channel blockade v v




C. Inhibition of conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
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D. Aldosterone receptor antagonism v v




ACE inhibitors prevent angiotensin II formation, reducing vasoconstrict
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ion and aldosterone-mediated sodium retention.
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4. A patient taking warfarin should avoid which of the following foods d
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ue to its vitamin K content?
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A. Bananas
B. Apples
C. Spinach
D. Rice
Vitamin K can antagonize warfarin’s anticoagulant effect, and foods lik
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e spinach are high in vitamin K.
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,5. Which antibiotic class inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis?
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A. Aminoglycosides
B. Macrolides
C. Beta-lactams
D. Fluoroquinolones
Beta-
lactams (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins) inhibit transpeptidase, disru
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pting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
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6. Which statement about selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) i
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s correct?
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A. They primarily block dopamine reuptake
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B. They increase serotonin availability at synaptic clefts
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C. They inhibit monoamine oxidase
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D. They block norepinephrine receptors
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SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin, increasing its levels in the synapt
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ic cleft.
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7. Which adverse effect is most associated with aminoglycoside a
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ntibiotics?
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity v v




C. Myopathy
D. Hypoglycemia
Aminoglycosides can damage renal tubules and the inner ear, lea
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ding to nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
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, 8. Which class of drugs is first-line for type 2 diabetes management?
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A. Sulfonylureas
B. DPP-4 inhibitors v




C. Metformin
D. GLP-1 receptor agonists
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Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production and improves i
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nsulin sensitivity, making it first-line therapy.
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9. Which drug is used as an antidote for opioid overdose?
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A. Naloxone
B. Naltrexone
C. Methadone
D. Naloxone
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses opioid-
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induced respiratory depression.
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10. Which antihypertensive is contraindicated in pregnancy?
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A. Methyldopa
B. Labetalol
C. ACE inhibitors
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D. Nifedipine
ACE inhibitors can cause fetal renal malformations and should be avoid
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ed during pregnancy.
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11. The mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) i
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nvolves: