FINAL EXAM MED SURG UPDATED PREP
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
COMPREHENSIVE MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING STUDY GUIDE 2026 | GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep and Comprehensive Rationales Included
,what are the signs that a patient may have eye problems? -trouble adjusting to dark rooms
-difficulty focusing on near or distant objects
-squinting or blinking (r/t photophobia) -change in iris color
-red-rimmed, encrusted, swollen lids
-recurrent pain in or around eyes
-diplopia
-dark spots in the center of viewing
-lines and edges appear distorted or wavy
-excess tearing
-dry eyes with itching or burning
-sees spots (emergency signs)
-sudden loss of vision in one eye
-sudden hazy or blurred vision with flashes of light or black lights spots, halos,
curtain line blotting, or loss of peripheral
what past medical history can affect the eyes? Diabetes, neurologic disorders, thyroid disease, hypertension, previously
diagnosed eye disease or injury
What is a ophthalmoscopic exam? procedure that involves using an ophthalmoscope to examine the lens, vitreous
humor, retina, and optic disc
how do you prepare a patient for a physical -mydriatic may be ordered to dilate pupils
ophthalmoscopic examination? -darken room during examination
what are the post procedure consideration following a -provide disposable sunglasses due to light sensitivity after procedure
physical ophthalmoscopic examination?
-have someone else drive patient home if visual acuity is poor
what is a refractometry? is the clinical procedure for determining a patient's refractive errors and the type
of corrective lenses needed
, how do you prepare a patient for a refractometry? -no special preparation
what are the post procedure consideration following a If pupils are dilated, patient will need sunglasses until pupils return to normal.
refractometry?
what is a tonometry? the measurement of intraocular pressure
how do you prepare a patient for a tonometry? For procedures in which an instrument touches cornea, anesthetic drops are
ordered. Inform patient of need to remain still during procedure.
what are the post procedure considerations following a Advise patient not to rub eyes for 15 minutes after the procedure because injury
tonometry? could occur when eye is anesthetized
what is a fluorescein angiography? procedure in which pictures of blood vessels in the eye are taken after a dye is
injected into a vein in the hand or arm.
how do you prepare a patient for a fluorescein -obtain signed consent
angiography? - administer mydriatic or cycloplegic medication to dilate pupils
-assess allergies to shellfish or iodine
-carry emergency Benadryl to reduce risk of allergies
-explain that dye will be used given through IV and photos will be taken
- teach that blue light will flash when photo is taken (watch for epileptic seizure)
what are the post procedure considerations following a -dye may cause a yellowish skin color
fluorescein angiography? - urine may be greenish as dye is excreted
-visual acuity may be reduced because of pupil dilation
-advise patient to wear sunglasses
-may need someone to drive them home
what is a electroretinography? graphs the retina's response to light. It is helpful when diagnosing blood vessel
changes from diseases and drugs.
how do you prepare a patient for a electroretinography? Anesthetic eye drops will be administered. The patient will need to remain still
and focus on a target.
what are the post procedure considerations following a Advise patient not to rub eye because of risk for injury while anesthetized.
electroretinography?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
COMPREHENSIVE MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING STUDY GUIDE 2026 | GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep and Comprehensive Rationales Included
,what are the signs that a patient may have eye problems? -trouble adjusting to dark rooms
-difficulty focusing on near or distant objects
-squinting or blinking (r/t photophobia) -change in iris color
-red-rimmed, encrusted, swollen lids
-recurrent pain in or around eyes
-diplopia
-dark spots in the center of viewing
-lines and edges appear distorted or wavy
-excess tearing
-dry eyes with itching or burning
-sees spots (emergency signs)
-sudden loss of vision in one eye
-sudden hazy or blurred vision with flashes of light or black lights spots, halos,
curtain line blotting, or loss of peripheral
what past medical history can affect the eyes? Diabetes, neurologic disorders, thyroid disease, hypertension, previously
diagnosed eye disease or injury
What is a ophthalmoscopic exam? procedure that involves using an ophthalmoscope to examine the lens, vitreous
humor, retina, and optic disc
how do you prepare a patient for a physical -mydriatic may be ordered to dilate pupils
ophthalmoscopic examination? -darken room during examination
what are the post procedure consideration following a -provide disposable sunglasses due to light sensitivity after procedure
physical ophthalmoscopic examination?
-have someone else drive patient home if visual acuity is poor
what is a refractometry? is the clinical procedure for determining a patient's refractive errors and the type
of corrective lenses needed
, how do you prepare a patient for a refractometry? -no special preparation
what are the post procedure consideration following a If pupils are dilated, patient will need sunglasses until pupils return to normal.
refractometry?
what is a tonometry? the measurement of intraocular pressure
how do you prepare a patient for a tonometry? For procedures in which an instrument touches cornea, anesthetic drops are
ordered. Inform patient of need to remain still during procedure.
what are the post procedure considerations following a Advise patient not to rub eyes for 15 minutes after the procedure because injury
tonometry? could occur when eye is anesthetized
what is a fluorescein angiography? procedure in which pictures of blood vessels in the eye are taken after a dye is
injected into a vein in the hand or arm.
how do you prepare a patient for a fluorescein -obtain signed consent
angiography? - administer mydriatic or cycloplegic medication to dilate pupils
-assess allergies to shellfish or iodine
-carry emergency Benadryl to reduce risk of allergies
-explain that dye will be used given through IV and photos will be taken
- teach that blue light will flash when photo is taken (watch for epileptic seizure)
what are the post procedure considerations following a -dye may cause a yellowish skin color
fluorescein angiography? - urine may be greenish as dye is excreted
-visual acuity may be reduced because of pupil dilation
-advise patient to wear sunglasses
-may need someone to drive them home
what is a electroretinography? graphs the retina's response to light. It is helpful when diagnosing blood vessel
changes from diseases and drugs.
how do you prepare a patient for a electroretinography? Anesthetic eye drops will be administered. The patient will need to remain still
and focus on a target.
what are the post procedure considerations following a Advise patient not to rub eye because of risk for injury while anesthetized.
electroretinography?
