NRSG430 Complex Care Final Exam questions and answers 2026 update

NRSG430 Complex Care Final Exam Questio
b b b b b




ns and ANSWERS 2026 update
b b b b




b Whichbtwobvalvesbarebopenbduringbventricularbsystole?b-


b ANS>>aorticbandbpulmonicbWhichbtwobvalvesbarebclosedbduringbventricularbsystole?b-


b ANS>>mitralbandbtricuspidbAmountbofbtimebsystolebtakesbinbthebcardiacbcycleb-


b ANS>>1/3bofbcardiacbcyclebAmountbofbtimebdiastolebtakesbinbthebcardiacbcycleb-


b ANS>>2/3bofbcardiacbcycle


HowbdoesbactivationbofbthebRASSbsystembaffectbbothbpreloadbandbafterbload?b-
b ANS>>afterbload:bvasoconstriction
preload:bsodiumbandbwaterbretention


Alwaysbusebanbarmboardbforbpatientsbwithbanb -bANS>>arterialbline


Anbarterialblinebshouldbbebleveledbtob-
b ANS>>thebphlebostaticbaxisb(4thbintercostalbspace/halfwaybpointbbetweenbanteriorbandbposterior)


Causesbofbsinusbtachycardiab-bANS>>1.bStress
2. Dehydration
3. Pain
4. Fever
5. Hypoxia


StarlingsbLawb-
b ANS>>Therebneedsbtobbebadequatebvolumebforbtherebtobbebadequatebstretchbandbcontractility.bThisbisbw
hybwithbhypovolemia,bcontractilitybwillbeventuallybgobdown


Determinantsbofbpreloadb-bANS>>1.bIntravascularbvolume
2. Venousbtone/pressure
3. Intra-pericardialbpressure
4. Bodybposition
5. AtrialbContraction
6. PumpingbActionbNo


rmalbCVPb-bANS>>5


Normalbwedgebpressureb-bANS>>10

,Measuresbofbcontractilityb-


ANS>>CO/CI,bSV/SVI,bEFbNormalbejectionbfractionb-
b




b ANS>>60-65%


Determinantsbofbcontractilityb-b ANS>>1.bPreload/Afterload
2. Ventricularbmusculature
3. Neuralbcontrol
4. Physiologicalbdepressants
5. Drugbtherapy
6. Intrinsicbdepression
7. Electrolytes


NormalbSVRb-bANS>>800-1200


Leadsbthatblookbleftbmainb-bANS>>V1-V6,bLeadb1,bAVL


Leadsbthatblookbatbthebleftbanteriorbdescendingb-bANS>>V2-


V4bCircumflex/CXb-bANS>>Leadb1b&bAvl,bV5b&bV6


Thebratebofbcellbdeathbinbanbacutebmyocardialbinfarctionbisbdependentbonb-
b ANS>>collateralbcirculation
myocardialboxygenbsupplybrestora
tionbofbbloodbflow


Contraindicationsbforbfibrinolyticsb-
b ANS>>AnybpriorbICH,bknownbcerebralbvascularblesion,bknownbmalignantbintracranialbneoplasm,bisch
emicbstrokebwithinb3bmonths,bsuspectedbaorticbdissection,bactivebbleeding,bsignificantbclosedbheadb
orbfacialbtraumabwithinbthreebmonths,bsevereborbuncontrolledbhypertensionb(unresponsivebtobemerge
ncybtherapy)


Ifbfibrinolyticbtherapybisbchosenbasbabprimarybreperfusionbstrategy,bwhenbshouldbitbbebgiven?b-
b ANS>>withinb30bminutesbofbhospitalbarrival


HFrEFb-


b ANS>>EFbofb40%borblessbaccompaniedbbybHFbsymptomsbHFpEFb-


b ANS>>HFbsymptomsbbutbandbEFbgreaterbthanb40%


Stagebvs.bClassbofbHFb-
b ANS>>Stagebrepresentsbthebpresencebofbdisease.bClassbindicatesbthebpresencebofbsymptoms


Classb1bHFbpatientbsymptomsb-
b ANS>>Noblimitationbofbphysicalbactivity.bOrdinarybphysicalbactivitybdoesbnotbcausebunduebfatigue,bp
alpitation,borbdyspneab(shortnessbofbbreath)

, Classb2bHFbpatientbsymptomsb-
b ANS>>Slightblimitationbofbphysicalbactivity.bComfortablebatbrest,bbutbordinarybphysicalbactivitybresultsbi
nbfatigue,bpalpitation,borbdyspnea.


Classb3bHFbpatientbsymptomsb-
b ANS>>Markedblimitationbofbphysicalbactivity.bComfortablebatbrest,bbutblessbthanbordinarybactivitybcause
sbfatigue,bpalpitation,borbdyspnea.