Maryville NURS 611 Patho Exam 1|| Most Recent Exam
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Main component of a cell - ANSWER-nucleus
What does the nucleus contain? - ANSWER-nucleolus
What is the nucleolus composed of? - ANSWER-RNA, most
of cellular DNA,
DNA binding proteins, and
histones
Why are histone important? - ANSWER-histones bind to DNA
and fold it into
chromosomes (chromatin) which is essential for
cell division
What are ribosomes? - ANSWER-RNA-protein complexes
(nucleoproteins) that
are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the
cytoplasm through pores
in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes (NPCs)
,Where can ribosomes be found? - ANSWER-cytoplasm and
rough ER
what are ribosomes chief function? - ANSWER-provides sits for
cellular protein
synthesis
What is the Golgi apparatus (complex)? - ANSWER-a
network of flatten,
smooth membranes and vesicles frequently located near the
nucleus of the cell
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - ANSWER-takes proteins
from the ER and
processes/packages them into small membrane-bound
vesicles called
"secretory vesicles, and refines and directs
traffic in the cell
What are lysosomes and what do they do? - ANSWER-maintain
cellular health
by removal of toxic cellular components, removal of
useless organelles,
termination of signal transduction, and signals
cellular adaption
How does aging affect lysosomes? - ANSWER-leads to
progressive loss of lysosomal efficiency which declines the
regenerative capacity of organs and tissue
,What functions do lysosomal components integrate? -
ANSWER-nutrient abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors
and will translate them into instructions that regulate cellular
metabolism toward either proliferation or inactivity
What is mitochondria responsible for? - ANSWER-cellular
respiration, cellular
metabolism , and energy
production
What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain? -
ANSWER-enzymes
of the respiratory chain and are essential to the
process of oxidative
phosphorylation that generates most of the
cell's ATP
The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1),
involve what two
things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)? -
ANSWER-1- metabolic
2- urea and heme
synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and
lipids
What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses
form metabolic
, dearangements? - ANSWER-carbs, proteins,
and lipids
What is physiologic atrophy? - ANSWER-occurs in early
development. ex:
thymus glad during
childhood
What is pathologic atrophy? - ANSWER-occurs as a result of
decreases in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition,
and hormonal stimulation. Ex: Shrinking of gonads in an
adolescent pt in response to decreased hormonal stimulation.
and an pt immobilized in bed for a prolonged time
what is hypertrophy? - ANSWER-increase in cell size
Example of beneficial physiologic hypertrophy? - ANSWER-
hypertrophy of
myocardial cells from
endurance training
example of pathologic hypertrophy - ANSWER-cardiomegaly in
a hypertensive
patient
What is hyperplasia? - ANSWER-increase in the number of cells
example of compensatory hyperplasia? - ANSWER-
regeneration of the liver
2026/27 || Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And
Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Already
Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success!! Newest Exam | Just
Released!! | Instant Download
Main component of a cell - ANSWER-nucleus
What does the nucleus contain? - ANSWER-nucleolus
What is the nucleolus composed of? - ANSWER-RNA, most
of cellular DNA,
DNA binding proteins, and
histones
Why are histone important? - ANSWER-histones bind to DNA
and fold it into
chromosomes (chromatin) which is essential for
cell division
What are ribosomes? - ANSWER-RNA-protein complexes
(nucleoproteins) that
are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the
cytoplasm through pores
in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes (NPCs)
,Where can ribosomes be found? - ANSWER-cytoplasm and
rough ER
what are ribosomes chief function? - ANSWER-provides sits for
cellular protein
synthesis
What is the Golgi apparatus (complex)? - ANSWER-a
network of flatten,
smooth membranes and vesicles frequently located near the
nucleus of the cell
What does the Golgi apparatus do? - ANSWER-takes proteins
from the ER and
processes/packages them into small membrane-bound
vesicles called
"secretory vesicles, and refines and directs
traffic in the cell
What are lysosomes and what do they do? - ANSWER-maintain
cellular health
by removal of toxic cellular components, removal of
useless organelles,
termination of signal transduction, and signals
cellular adaption
How does aging affect lysosomes? - ANSWER-leads to
progressive loss of lysosomal efficiency which declines the
regenerative capacity of organs and tissue
,What functions do lysosomal components integrate? -
ANSWER-nutrient abundance, energy levels, and cell stressors
and will translate them into instructions that regulate cellular
metabolism toward either proliferation or inactivity
What is mitochondria responsible for? - ANSWER-cellular
respiration, cellular
metabolism , and energy
production
What does the inner membrane of mitochondria contain? -
ANSWER-enzymes
of the respiratory chain and are essential to the
process of oxidative
phosphorylation that generates most of the
cell's ATP
The mitochondrial matrix contains what kind of pathways (1),
involve what two
things (2), and metabolizes what three things (3)? -
ANSWER-1- metabolic
2- urea and heme
synthesis
3- carbs, proteins, and
lipids
What can accumulate intracellularly caused by stresses
form metabolic
, dearangements? - ANSWER-carbs, proteins,
and lipids
What is physiologic atrophy? - ANSWER-occurs in early
development. ex:
thymus glad during
childhood
What is pathologic atrophy? - ANSWER-occurs as a result of
decreases in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition,
and hormonal stimulation. Ex: Shrinking of gonads in an
adolescent pt in response to decreased hormonal stimulation.
and an pt immobilized in bed for a prolonged time
what is hypertrophy? - ANSWER-increase in cell size
Example of beneficial physiologic hypertrophy? - ANSWER-
hypertrophy of
myocardial cells from
endurance training
example of pathologic hypertrophy - ANSWER-cardiomegaly in
a hypertensive
patient
What is hyperplasia? - ANSWER-increase in the number of cells
example of compensatory hyperplasia? - ANSWER-
regeneration of the liver
