nur 2101 Infection Control Exam | Questions and
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Terms in this set (62)
Nature of Infection Infection is the invasion of a susceptible host by
microorganisms (pathogens), resulting in disease.
*Colonization occurs when a microorganism
invades the host but does not cause infection.
*An infectious disease transmitted directly from one
person to another is considered a contagious or
communicable disease.
*If pathogens cause clinical signs and symptoms,
the infection is symptomatic; if it does not, it is
asymptomatic.
Chain of Infection *Transmission
*Portal of Entry
*Host Susceptibility
*Infectious Agent
*Reservoir
*Portal of Exit
,Transmission Modes include contact, vehicles, and vectors.
Contact may be direct, indirect, droplet, or
airborne.
The hands of health care workers often transmit
microorganisms.
This mode of transmission is called direct
transmission. Indirect transmission occurs when
microorganisms are transferred to health care
worker's hands from contaminated items that are
part of patient care, such as a blood pressure cuff
or a bedside table.
Droplet and airborne transmission are often
facilitated by coughing, sneezing, or talking.
Portal of Entry site to grow and multiply
Organisms enter the body through the same routes
that they use for exiting.
Host Susceptibility
Infectious Agent
, Reservoir is a place where microorganisms survive, multiply,
and await transfer to a susceptible host.
humans and animals (hosts), insects, food, water,
and organic matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites).
There are two types of human reservoirs:
*those with acute or symptomatic disease
*Those who show no signs of disease but are
carriers of it.
Humans can transmit microorganisms in either case.
Portal of Exit if they are to enter another host and cause disease.
Types of Causative Agents *Bacteria
*Viruses
*Fungi - Yeasts and Molds
*Parasites
Bacteria Examples Staphylococcus, lactobacillus, E. coli
Viruses Rhinovirus, hepatitis, herpes, HIV
**Must enter cells to reproduce.
Parasites Protozoa that cause malaria
Ex. Helminths (worms)
Ex. Arthropods (mites, fleas, ticks)
**Live on other living organisms
Answers | Verified Solutions | 2026 Edition | Pass
Guaranteed
Save
Terms in this set (62)
Nature of Infection Infection is the invasion of a susceptible host by
microorganisms (pathogens), resulting in disease.
*Colonization occurs when a microorganism
invades the host but does not cause infection.
*An infectious disease transmitted directly from one
person to another is considered a contagious or
communicable disease.
*If pathogens cause clinical signs and symptoms,
the infection is symptomatic; if it does not, it is
asymptomatic.
Chain of Infection *Transmission
*Portal of Entry
*Host Susceptibility
*Infectious Agent
*Reservoir
*Portal of Exit
,Transmission Modes include contact, vehicles, and vectors.
Contact may be direct, indirect, droplet, or
airborne.
The hands of health care workers often transmit
microorganisms.
This mode of transmission is called direct
transmission. Indirect transmission occurs when
microorganisms are transferred to health care
worker's hands from contaminated items that are
part of patient care, such as a blood pressure cuff
or a bedside table.
Droplet and airborne transmission are often
facilitated by coughing, sneezing, or talking.
Portal of Entry site to grow and multiply
Organisms enter the body through the same routes
that they use for exiting.
Host Susceptibility
Infectious Agent
, Reservoir is a place where microorganisms survive, multiply,
and await transfer to a susceptible host.
humans and animals (hosts), insects, food, water,
and organic matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites).
There are two types of human reservoirs:
*those with acute or symptomatic disease
*Those who show no signs of disease but are
carriers of it.
Humans can transmit microorganisms in either case.
Portal of Exit if they are to enter another host and cause disease.
Types of Causative Agents *Bacteria
*Viruses
*Fungi - Yeasts and Molds
*Parasites
Bacteria Examples Staphylococcus, lactobacillus, E. coli
Viruses Rhinovirus, hepatitis, herpes, HIV
**Must enter cells to reproduce.
Parasites Protozoa that cause malaria
Ex. Helminths (worms)
Ex. Arthropods (mites, fleas, ticks)
**Live on other living organisms
