NUR 2101 Exam 2 | Questions and Answers |
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Terms in this set (233)
Which term is used to describe the a. Reservoir
nares of a patient after a nasal
culture is positive for MRSA? A place in which microorganisms survive, multiply,
a. Reservoir and wait to transfer to a susceptible host is called a
b. Portal of entry reservoir. Common reservoirs are humans and
c. Susceptible host animals (hosts), insects, food, water, and organic
d. Mode of transmission matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites). Frequent
reservoirs for health care-acquired infections
(HAIs) include health care workers (especially their
hands), patients' body excretions and secretions,
equipment, and the health care environment. A
susceptible host is one who will get an infection.
Susceptibility to an infection depends on the
individual's degree of resistance to pathogens. The
fact that the nurse has not become ill indicates that
he or she is not very susceptible. Portal of entry
describes how the organism entered the body.
Although the MRSA may have used the nasal cavity
as the portal of entry, it now resides there so the
nasal cavity is now the reservoir. Mode of
transmission refers to how the organism is passed
from one person to another. This can be from
touch, sneezing, coughing, and so on. The nasal
cavity is a place, not a mode of transmission.
,Which mode of transmission is a. Direct
demonstrated when the nurse
spreads an infection with the hands Hands of health care workers often transmit
after neglecting to perform hand microorganisms. This mode of transmission is called
hygiene? direct transmission. Automatic, spontaneous, and
a. Direct uninterrupted are not modes of infection
b. Automatic transmission.
c. Spontaneous
d. Uninterrupted
Which is an example of normal flora? b. The patient's colon contains bacteria to help
a. The patient has a tapeworm living assist digestion.
in the large intestine.
b. The patient's colon contains Normal flora usually does not cause disease, but
bacteria to help assist digestion. instead help to maintain health. The number and
c. The patient's incision is infected variety of flora maintain a sensitive balance with
with Staphylococcus bacteria. other microorganisms to prevent infection. The
d. The patient has a viral infection body's normal flora is made up of a large numbers
causing nasal congestion and sore of microorganisms residing on the surface and
throat. deep layers of the skin, in the saliva and oral
mucosa, and in the intestinal walls. Bacteria within
the colon that help digestion are an example of
normal flora. Microorganisms that cause infection
are not considered normal flora.
Which term is used to describe the c. Acquired active immunity
body's protection against whooping
cough after receiving the pertussis Acquired active immunity is caused when the body
vaccination? creates antibodies after receiving a vaccination.
a. Natural passive immunity Acquired passive immunity is when antibodies are
b. Natural active immunity administered via injection to the patient. Natural
c. Acquired active immunity passive immunity is when antibodies are passed
d. Acquired passive immunity from mother to fetus via the placenta. Natural
active immunity is when the body creates
antibodies after exposure to an infection.
,Which is an example of a. The patient develops Clostridium difficile
suprainfection? diarrhea after taking broad-spectrum antibiotics.
a. The patient develops Clostridium
difficile diarrhea after taking broad- Suprainfection develops when the body's normal
spectrum antibiotics. bacterial flora have been altered due to the use of
b. The immunocompromised patient broad-spectrum antibiotic. Clostridium difficile
develops an upper respiratory diarrhea is an example of suprainfection.
despite protective isolation Suprainfection is not infection of
precautions. immunocompromised patients, resistant bacteria,
c. The bacteria in the patient's wound or development of complications.
are resistant to cephalosporin and
penicillin antibiotics.
d. The patient's upper respiratory
infection progresses to pneumonia
with right-sided pleural effusion.
The patient's urine cultures tested b. Endogenous
positive for Escherichia coli (E. coli)
following urinary catheterization. An endogenous infection occurs when bacteria
Which term describes this type of that are normally found in one part of the body are
infection? moved to another site that should normally be
a. Protozoan sterile. E. coli is normally found in the patient's
b. Endogenous stool and causes infection when introduced to the
c. Diagnostic urinary tract. Protozoan infections are caused by
d. Bactericidal parasites. Bactericidal and diagnostic infections do
not exist.
, Which action of the nurse will b. Use aseptic technique when providing mouth
minimize the onset and spread of care to the patient.
infection?
a. Insert indwelling urinary catheters Invasive treatment devices such as intravenous (IV)
to prevent incontinence. catheters or indwelling urinary catheters impair or
b. Use aseptic technique when bypass the body's natural defenses against
providing mouth care to the patient. microorganisms. Efforts to minimize the onset and
c. Keep the patient's mucus spread of infection are based on the principles of
membranes dry to prevent aseptic technique. Aseptic technique is an effort to
maceration. keep the patient as free from exposure to
d. Use masks and gowns sparingly to infection-causing pathogens as possible. The term
reduce the patient's sense of asepsis means the absence of disease-producing
isolation. microorganisms. When a person ages, normal
physiological changes occur that influence
susceptibility to infection. These changes include
decreased immunity, dry mucus membranes,
decreased secretions, and decreased elasticity in
tissues. Because of these changes, the older adult
is predisposed to infections.
The nurse maintains a sterile field d. Surgical asepsis
when inserting a urinary catheter into
the patient's bladder. Which term Surgical asepsis is also known as sterile technique.
best describes the infection control The nurse practices surgical asepsis when inserting
practice of the nurse? a urinary catheter into the patient's bladder in
a. Pathogenesis order to prevent a urinary tract infection. Medical
b. Bacteriostasis asepsis is a clean technique. The use of medical
c. Medical asepsis asepsis could lead to prevent a urinary tract
d. Surgical asepsis infection because microorganisms are reduced
rather than eliminated completely. Bacteriostasis is
prevention of bacterial growth. Pathogenesis is the
microorganism's ability to cause disease in the host.
Verified Solutions | 2026 Edition | Pass
Guaranteed
Save
Terms in this set (233)
Which term is used to describe the a. Reservoir
nares of a patient after a nasal
culture is positive for MRSA? A place in which microorganisms survive, multiply,
a. Reservoir and wait to transfer to a susceptible host is called a
b. Portal of entry reservoir. Common reservoirs are humans and
c. Susceptible host animals (hosts), insects, food, water, and organic
d. Mode of transmission matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites). Frequent
reservoirs for health care-acquired infections
(HAIs) include health care workers (especially their
hands), patients' body excretions and secretions,
equipment, and the health care environment. A
susceptible host is one who will get an infection.
Susceptibility to an infection depends on the
individual's degree of resistance to pathogens. The
fact that the nurse has not become ill indicates that
he or she is not very susceptible. Portal of entry
describes how the organism entered the body.
Although the MRSA may have used the nasal cavity
as the portal of entry, it now resides there so the
nasal cavity is now the reservoir. Mode of
transmission refers to how the organism is passed
from one person to another. This can be from
touch, sneezing, coughing, and so on. The nasal
cavity is a place, not a mode of transmission.
,Which mode of transmission is a. Direct
demonstrated when the nurse
spreads an infection with the hands Hands of health care workers often transmit
after neglecting to perform hand microorganisms. This mode of transmission is called
hygiene? direct transmission. Automatic, spontaneous, and
a. Direct uninterrupted are not modes of infection
b. Automatic transmission.
c. Spontaneous
d. Uninterrupted
Which is an example of normal flora? b. The patient's colon contains bacteria to help
a. The patient has a tapeworm living assist digestion.
in the large intestine.
b. The patient's colon contains Normal flora usually does not cause disease, but
bacteria to help assist digestion. instead help to maintain health. The number and
c. The patient's incision is infected variety of flora maintain a sensitive balance with
with Staphylococcus bacteria. other microorganisms to prevent infection. The
d. The patient has a viral infection body's normal flora is made up of a large numbers
causing nasal congestion and sore of microorganisms residing on the surface and
throat. deep layers of the skin, in the saliva and oral
mucosa, and in the intestinal walls. Bacteria within
the colon that help digestion are an example of
normal flora. Microorganisms that cause infection
are not considered normal flora.
Which term is used to describe the c. Acquired active immunity
body's protection against whooping
cough after receiving the pertussis Acquired active immunity is caused when the body
vaccination? creates antibodies after receiving a vaccination.
a. Natural passive immunity Acquired passive immunity is when antibodies are
b. Natural active immunity administered via injection to the patient. Natural
c. Acquired active immunity passive immunity is when antibodies are passed
d. Acquired passive immunity from mother to fetus via the placenta. Natural
active immunity is when the body creates
antibodies after exposure to an infection.
,Which is an example of a. The patient develops Clostridium difficile
suprainfection? diarrhea after taking broad-spectrum antibiotics.
a. The patient develops Clostridium
difficile diarrhea after taking broad- Suprainfection develops when the body's normal
spectrum antibiotics. bacterial flora have been altered due to the use of
b. The immunocompromised patient broad-spectrum antibiotic. Clostridium difficile
develops an upper respiratory diarrhea is an example of suprainfection.
despite protective isolation Suprainfection is not infection of
precautions. immunocompromised patients, resistant bacteria,
c. The bacteria in the patient's wound or development of complications.
are resistant to cephalosporin and
penicillin antibiotics.
d. The patient's upper respiratory
infection progresses to pneumonia
with right-sided pleural effusion.
The patient's urine cultures tested b. Endogenous
positive for Escherichia coli (E. coli)
following urinary catheterization. An endogenous infection occurs when bacteria
Which term describes this type of that are normally found in one part of the body are
infection? moved to another site that should normally be
a. Protozoan sterile. E. coli is normally found in the patient's
b. Endogenous stool and causes infection when introduced to the
c. Diagnostic urinary tract. Protozoan infections are caused by
d. Bactericidal parasites. Bactericidal and diagnostic infections do
not exist.
, Which action of the nurse will b. Use aseptic technique when providing mouth
minimize the onset and spread of care to the patient.
infection?
a. Insert indwelling urinary catheters Invasive treatment devices such as intravenous (IV)
to prevent incontinence. catheters or indwelling urinary catheters impair or
b. Use aseptic technique when bypass the body's natural defenses against
providing mouth care to the patient. microorganisms. Efforts to minimize the onset and
c. Keep the patient's mucus spread of infection are based on the principles of
membranes dry to prevent aseptic technique. Aseptic technique is an effort to
maceration. keep the patient as free from exposure to
d. Use masks and gowns sparingly to infection-causing pathogens as possible. The term
reduce the patient's sense of asepsis means the absence of disease-producing
isolation. microorganisms. When a person ages, normal
physiological changes occur that influence
susceptibility to infection. These changes include
decreased immunity, dry mucus membranes,
decreased secretions, and decreased elasticity in
tissues. Because of these changes, the older adult
is predisposed to infections.
The nurse maintains a sterile field d. Surgical asepsis
when inserting a urinary catheter into
the patient's bladder. Which term Surgical asepsis is also known as sterile technique.
best describes the infection control The nurse practices surgical asepsis when inserting
practice of the nurse? a urinary catheter into the patient's bladder in
a. Pathogenesis order to prevent a urinary tract infection. Medical
b. Bacteriostasis asepsis is a clean technique. The use of medical
c. Medical asepsis asepsis could lead to prevent a urinary tract
d. Surgical asepsis infection because microorganisms are reduced
rather than eliminated completely. Bacteriostasis is
prevention of bacterial growth. Pathogenesis is the
microorganism's ability to cause disease in the host.
