Preparation With Complete Questions And Correct Answers
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Butler: Sex and gender (Gender as historical situation rather than
natural fact)
Biological sex and gender are two different concepts. Sex is
what you are born as and gender is your performance and
how you choose to define yourself. People are not born with
gender, but rather are
conditioned into into it. This has been a feature of society for
centuries.
Butler: Subversion
Stereotypical gender roles are open to subversion, and that
people should actively challenge these roles.
Causality
The way in which the events, usually driven by the desires and
motivations of characters and the events that impact them, drive
a narrative forward.
,Code
A system used to create meaning. For example, the agreed ways
in which stories are told are narrative codes, the layout and
presentation of texts are technical codes, the use of words are
linguistic codes. These codes needs to be shared and agreed
on for them to be understood.
Cohen: Moral panic
The knee-jerk 'panic' reaction from the press to a negative event
in the real world
Conditions of consumption
A range of factors that can affect how a media text is interpreted
by the audience, both in terms of ideological reception and
physical consumption practices.
Connotation
The meaning evoked by a sign - what is makes us think.
,Constructed reality
All media gives its audience a version of reality, not reality itself.
It may be the version that is most profitable, or the version that
pushes the
producer/institution's ideologies.
Conventions and rules
Genres have recognisable features that are common to all texts
within that genre. Some conventions may be subverted to
create difference within the genre, but other conventions need
to be strictly followed to ensure the needs of the audience are
met.
Curran and Seaton: Conglomerates
Concentration of ownership and an increase in
conglomerates can lead to market domination and a lack of
deregulation
Convergence
The gradual combining of separate technological devices into
fewer or one device with multiple functions.
, Countertypes
A positive stereotype that emphasizes the positive features about a
person/social group/place.
Cultural codes
A frame of reference that is human knowledge. Relates to a shared
understanding of how the world works and the established
understanding of these properties.
Cumulation
The study of the effects of longer-term media exposure, for
example violence/sexism in the media
Curran and Seaton: Free market
The idea that consumers are the best judges of what is in their own
interests, and that industry regulation should create conditions
where the consumer has the most control.