NSG 121 Health Assessment Exam 3 Herzing University 2026 | Latest
Update | Exam Prep Questions & Answers | Graded A+
Module 8 – Cardiovascular
Important Landmarks
Point of Maximal Impulse: apical pulsation can be seen or palpated (5th intercoastal space and lek midclavicular line in
mitral area).
1
, Heart Sounds
• S1, S2, S3, S4 • Abnormal sounds – S3 and S4
• Normal sounds – S1 and S2 o S3 is an abnormal early diastolic sound
o S1 is the beginning of systole – “LUB” – “DUB”
o S2 is the end of systole/beginning of o S4 is an abnormal late diastolic sound –
diastole – “DUB” “LUB”
• Diastole: when heart is filling
• Systole: when heart is contracting
Heart Valve Locations
“Ape To Man”
⟶ A- Aortic
⟶ P- Pulmonic
⟶ E- Erb’s Point
⟶ T- Tricuspid
⟶ M- Mitral
Venous System (blue veins): collects deoxygenated blood from body and returns to the heart
Arterial System (red arteries): carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
The Conduction System (AKA “Electrical System of the Heart”)
• Sinoatrial (SA) Node – pacemaker: regulates heart rate
o (e.g. when you work out, the pacemaker is what puts your heart rate back to normal)
• Atrioventricular (AV) Node
• Bundle of His
• Purkinje Fibers
Cardiac Output: the basic functioning of the heart
Murmur: blood flow through a diseased or damaged heart valve (“whooshing” sound)
) When doing cardiac assessments, listen for them with bell of stethoscope
Carotid Artery Assessment: look for anything abnormal that requires further workup
1. Ask patient to hold breath while auscultating bruit
- Bruit = turbulent blood flow; result of fatty in vessels
2. Palpate arteries one side at a time (bilaterally can cause dizziness)
3. Bell of stethoscope applied lightly to area
2
Update | Exam Prep Questions & Answers | Graded A+
Module 8 – Cardiovascular
Important Landmarks
Point of Maximal Impulse: apical pulsation can be seen or palpated (5th intercoastal space and lek midclavicular line in
mitral area).
1
, Heart Sounds
• S1, S2, S3, S4 • Abnormal sounds – S3 and S4
• Normal sounds – S1 and S2 o S3 is an abnormal early diastolic sound
o S1 is the beginning of systole – “LUB” – “DUB”
o S2 is the end of systole/beginning of o S4 is an abnormal late diastolic sound –
diastole – “DUB” “LUB”
• Diastole: when heart is filling
• Systole: when heart is contracting
Heart Valve Locations
“Ape To Man”
⟶ A- Aortic
⟶ P- Pulmonic
⟶ E- Erb’s Point
⟶ T- Tricuspid
⟶ M- Mitral
Venous System (blue veins): collects deoxygenated blood from body and returns to the heart
Arterial System (red arteries): carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
The Conduction System (AKA “Electrical System of the Heart”)
• Sinoatrial (SA) Node – pacemaker: regulates heart rate
o (e.g. when you work out, the pacemaker is what puts your heart rate back to normal)
• Atrioventricular (AV) Node
• Bundle of His
• Purkinje Fibers
Cardiac Output: the basic functioning of the heart
Murmur: blood flow through a diseased or damaged heart valve (“whooshing” sound)
) When doing cardiac assessments, listen for them with bell of stethoscope
Carotid Artery Assessment: look for anything abnormal that requires further workup
1. Ask patient to hold breath while auscultating bruit
- Bruit = turbulent blood flow; result of fatty in vessels
2. Palpate arteries one side at a time (bilaterally can cause dizziness)
3. Bell of stethoscope applied lightly to area
2
