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n
$103c* perc* month
, Stuvia.comc* -
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Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology Ban
c* c* c* c* c*
asik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
c* c* c*
MULTIPLE CHOICE c *
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
*pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
*malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. a sore throat. c* c*
b. streptococcal infection. c*
c. genetic susceptibility. c*
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B c *
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
is the manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendenc
* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
y to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical
c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
manifestation of the disease process.
c* c* c* c* c*
2. A 17-year-old college-
c* c*
bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
example of c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: A c *
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure f
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
or susceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary preventio
c * c * c * c * c * c * c* c * c * c*
n is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention incl
c * c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
udes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effecti
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ve functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has de
c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
veloped.
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
c* c* c* c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: B c *
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
as prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Prima
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ry prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for su
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
sceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and att
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
empts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves ma
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
nagement of the disease once it has developed.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
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4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
intake. This is an example of
c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: B c *
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease,
c* c * c * c * c* c * c * c * c * c * c *
such as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is pre
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
vention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals.
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disab
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ility and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the d
c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
isease once it has developed.
c * c * c* c*
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
lowering medication. This is an example of
c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: C c *
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disa
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
bility and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary preventi
c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
on is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment invol
c* c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ves management of the disease once it has developed.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
this disease. This stage of illness is called the
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B c *
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the fi
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
rst appearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptom
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
s indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise,
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
anorexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refe
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
rs to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
7. A c* disease that is native to a particular region is called
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
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ANS: B c *
A disease that is native to a particular region is called endemic. An epidemic is a disease tha
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
t spreads to many individuals at the same time. Pandemics are epidemics that affect large g
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
eographic regions, perhaps spreading worldwide. Ethnographic does not describe a disease
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
distribution pattern. c*
8. In c* general, with aging, organ size and function
c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain the same. c* c*
d. are unknown.c*
ANS: B c *
In general, with aging, organ size and function decrease.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
9. The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
established, is referred to as
c * c* c* c* c*
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: B c *
The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
established, is called the subclinical stage. The interval between exposure of a tissue to an i
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
njurious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms may be called a latent p
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
eriod or, in the case of infectious diseases, an incubation period. The prodromal period,
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c * c
*or prodrome, refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset of
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical ope
c* c * c* c * c* c* c * c* c* c* c * c * c * c *
ration.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE c *
1. Your patient’s red blood cell count is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
(Select all that apply.) c* c* c*
a. gender difference. c*
b. situational factors. c*
c. normal variation. c*
d. cultural variation. c*
e. illness.
ANS: A, B, C, E c * c* c* c*
Gender, situations (e.g., altitude), normal variations, and illness may all determine red blood
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
cell count. Culture affects how manifestations are perceived (normal versus abnormal
* c * c * c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
).
2. Socioeconomic factors influence disease development because of (Select all that apply.)
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. genetics.
b. environmental toxins. c*
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
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n
Distributionc* ofc * thisc* documentc * isc * illegal
$103c* perc* month
n
$103c* perc* month
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c * Thec* Marketplacec * toc * Buyc * andc* Sellc * yourc * Studyc* Material
Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology Ban
c* c* c* c* c*
asik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
c* c* c*
MULTIPLE CHOICE c *
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
*pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
*malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. a sore throat. c* c*
b. streptococcal infection. c*
c. genetic susceptibility. c*
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B c *
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
is the manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendenc
* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
y to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical
c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
manifestation of the disease process.
c* c* c* c* c*
2. A 17-year-old college-
c* c*
bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
example of c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: A c *
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure f
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
or susceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary preventio
c * c * c * c * c * c * c* c * c * c*
n is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention incl
c * c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
udes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effecti
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ve functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has de
c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
veloped.
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
c* c* c* c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: B c *
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
as prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Prima
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ry prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for su
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
sceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and att
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
empts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves ma
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
nagement of the disease once it has developed.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
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n
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4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
intake. This is an example of
c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: B c *
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease,
c* c * c * c * c* c * c * c * c * c * c *
such as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is pre
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
vention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals.
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disab
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ility and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the d
c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
isease once it has developed.
c * c * c* c*
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
lowering medication. This is an example of
c * c* c* c* c* c*
a. primary prevention. c*
b. secondary prevention. c*
c. tertiary prevention. c*
d. disease treatment. c*
ANS: C c *
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disa
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
bility and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary preventi
c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
on is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment invol
c* c* c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
ves management of the disease once it has developed.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
this disease. This stage of illness is called the
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B c *
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the fi
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
rst appearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptom
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
s indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise,
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
anorexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refe
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
rs to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
7. A c* disease that is native to a particular region is called
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
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n
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ANS: B c *
A disease that is native to a particular region is called endemic. An epidemic is a disease tha
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
t spreads to many individuals at the same time. Pandemics are epidemics that affect large g
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
eographic regions, perhaps spreading worldwide. Ethnographic does not describe a disease
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
distribution pattern. c*
8. In c* general, with aging, organ size and function
c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain the same. c* c*
d. are unknown.c*
ANS: B c *
In general, with aging, organ size and function decrease.
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
9. The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
established, is referred to as
c * c* c* c* c*
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: B c *
The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
established, is called the subclinical stage. The interval between exposure of a tissue to an i
c * c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c *
njurious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms may be called a latent p
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
eriod or, in the case of infectious diseases, an incubation period. The prodromal period,
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c * c
*or prodrome, refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset of
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a disease. Convalescence is the stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical ope
c* c * c* c * c* c* c * c* c* c* c * c * c * c *
ration.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE c *
1. Your patient’s red blood cell count is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
(Select all that apply.) c* c* c*
a. gender difference. c*
b. situational factors. c*
c. normal variation. c*
d. cultural variation. c*
e. illness.
ANS: A, B, C, E c * c* c* c*
Gender, situations (e.g., altitude), normal variations, and illness may all determine red blood
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c
cell count. Culture affects how manifestations are perceived (normal versus abnormal
* c * c * c* c * c * c * c * c * c * c *
).
2. Socioeconomic factors influence disease development because of (Select all that apply.)
c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c* c*
a. genetics.
b. environmental toxins. c*
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
Downloadedc * by:c * melaniemora1994c * |c * Wantc* toc * ear
n
Distributionc* ofc * thisc* documentc * isc * illegal
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