Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
1. a. positive feed- An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor
back stability and often abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
2. b. gums What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
3. d. there is less Which of the following is true?
thirst perception a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult
in the elderly b. The elderly have better temperature sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person
d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly
4. c. Women have Which of the following is true?
a lower hemoglo- a. Women snore more than men
bin than men b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women
5. b. Acclimatiza- An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased availability of oxygen
tion at high altitude is termed which?
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
c. Population
d. Diurnal
6. d. Iatrogenic
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
What does it mean when the cause of the disease is unwanted medical treat-
ment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
7. d. Neonatal Which term is used for the first two months of life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
8. d. Sign Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
9. c. They include Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
epinephrine and a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
norepinephrine b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
10. b. Endorphins Which of the following is a true statement?
increase with a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
stress, resulting b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
in a decrease in c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
pain perception d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
11. d. They cross by By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
diffusion a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and exocy-
tosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
12. a. Protein synthe- Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabo-
sis lism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
13. c. The Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining
sodium-potassi- cell volume?
um pump a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
14. d. Failure of the Cellular hypoxia results in:
sodium-potassi- a. Enhanced ATP activity
um pump b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
15. a. Atrophy of her A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged
leg muscles period of bed rest. This is most likely caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
16. c. Atrophy
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
Which of the following types of cellular adaption is most likely to occur from
chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
17. d. Gas bub- What is the mechanism of cellular injury that occurs when deep sea divers get 'the
bles from in the bends'?
blood, blocking a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical bonds which destroy the cellular mem-
circulation and branes
resulting in is- b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to hemoglobin, preventing the RBCs from
chemia carrying O2
c. Intracellular calcium accumlation create muscle tetany
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, blocking circulation and resulting in ischemia
18. a. Dysplasia Which type of cellular adaption would create the greatest concern if found on a
biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia
b. Metaplasia
c. Hyperplasia
d. Atrophy
19. d. Transcription Which of the following is the process by which mRNA is synthesized from single
stranded DNA?
a. Sense stranding
b. Replication
c. Translation
D. Transcription
20. c. Hematopoietic Which of the following is not one of the 4 cell types found in adult humans?
tissue a. Epithelium
b. Connective tissue
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
1. a. positive feed- An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor
back stability and often abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
2. b. gums What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
3. d. there is less Which of the following is true?
thirst perception a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult
in the elderly b. The elderly have better temperature sensations
c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person
d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly
4. c. Women have Which of the following is true?
a lower hemoglo- a. Women snore more than men
bin than men b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women
5. b. Acclimatiza- An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased availability of oxygen
tion at high altitude is termed which?
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
c. Population
d. Diurnal
6. d. Iatrogenic
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
What does it mean when the cause of the disease is unwanted medical treat-
ment?
a. Idiopathic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
7. d. Neonatal Which term is used for the first two months of life?
a. Infancy
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
8. d. Sign Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the disease?
a. Symptom
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
9. c. They include Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
epinephrine and a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
norepinephrine b. They cross the blood brain barrier
c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
10. b. Endorphins Which of the following is a true statement?
increase with a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
stress, resulting b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
in a decrease in c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
pain perception d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
11. d. They cross by By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
diffusion a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and exocy-
tosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
12. a. Protein synthe- Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabo-
sis lism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
13. c. The Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining
sodium-potassi- cell volume?
um pump a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
14. d. Failure of the Cellular hypoxia results in:
sodium-potassi- a. Enhanced ATP activity
um pump b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
15. a. Atrophy of her A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged
leg muscles period of bed rest. This is most likely caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
16. c. Atrophy
, Pathophysiology HESI
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo42lz
Which of the following types of cellular adaption is most likely to occur from
chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
17. d. Gas bub- What is the mechanism of cellular injury that occurs when deep sea divers get 'the
bles from in the bends'?
blood, blocking a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical bonds which destroy the cellular mem-
circulation and branes
resulting in is- b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to hemoglobin, preventing the RBCs from
chemia carrying O2
c. Intracellular calcium accumlation create muscle tetany
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, blocking circulation and resulting in ischemia
18. a. Dysplasia Which type of cellular adaption would create the greatest concern if found on a
biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia
b. Metaplasia
c. Hyperplasia
d. Atrophy
19. d. Transcription Which of the following is the process by which mRNA is synthesized from single
stranded DNA?
a. Sense stranding
b. Replication
c. Translation
D. Transcription
20. c. Hematopoietic Which of the following is not one of the 4 cell types found in adult humans?
tissue a. Epithelium
b. Connective tissue
