NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2
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1. arteries transport blood away from heart
2. veins transport blood to the heart
3. capillaries microcirculation within tissue
4. systemic circula- exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes in tissues
tion
5. pulmonary circu- gas exchange in the lungs
lation
6. function of plas- osmotic pressure, antibody, and blood clots
ma proteins
7. erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, life span of about 20 days
8. erythropoietin produced in the kidney, stimulates erythrocyte production
9. 3 steps of blood 1. vasoconstriction of vascular spasm after injury 2. platelet clot 3. coagulation
clotting (hemo- mechanism
stasis)
10. Rh+ antigen D in plasma membrane
11. Rh- absence of antigen D
12. anemia causes a reduction in oxygen transport, basic problem is hemoglobin deficit
13. oxygen deficit less energy production in all cells, tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstric-
leads to tion-compensation mechanisms
14. general signs of fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased regeneration of epithelial cells,
anemia severe anemia may lead to angina of CHF
, NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo49h0
15. iron deficiency insufficient iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis
anemia
16. etiology of iron dietary intake of iron below minimum, chronic blood loss, impaired duodenal
deficiency ane- absorption of iron, severe liver disease
mia
17. signs and symp- general signs of anemia + spoon shaped and ridged nails, brittle hair, stomatitis,
toms of iron defi- glossitis, menstrual irregularities, delayed healing
ciency anemia
18. pernicious ane- lack of intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa, required for
mia (vitamin B12 intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, B12 needed for function of neurons
deficiency)
19. etiology of perni- dietary insufficiency, malabsorption, surgery, such as gastrectomy
cious anemia
20. signs and symp- general signs, tongue enlarged, red, sore, and shiny, digestive discomfort, feeling
toms of perni- of pins and needles, tingling of limbs
cious anemia
21. aplastic anemia impairment or failure of bone marrow leading to loss of stem cells and pancy-
topenia
22. pancytopenia decreased numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in the blood
23. etiology of aplas- myelotoxins: radiation, industrial chemicals, drugs, genetic abnormalities, hep C,
tic anemia SLE
24. signs and symp- general signs, leukopenia (recurrent infection), thrombocytopenia (petechiae)
toms of aplastic
anemia
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo49h0
1. arteries transport blood away from heart
2. veins transport blood to the heart
3. capillaries microcirculation within tissue
4. systemic circula- exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes in tissues
tion
5. pulmonary circu- gas exchange in the lungs
lation
6. function of plas- osmotic pressure, antibody, and blood clots
ma proteins
7. erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, life span of about 20 days
8. erythropoietin produced in the kidney, stimulates erythrocyte production
9. 3 steps of blood 1. vasoconstriction of vascular spasm after injury 2. platelet clot 3. coagulation
clotting (hemo- mechanism
stasis)
10. Rh+ antigen D in plasma membrane
11. Rh- absence of antigen D
12. anemia causes a reduction in oxygen transport, basic problem is hemoglobin deficit
13. oxygen deficit less energy production in all cells, tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstric-
leads to tion-compensation mechanisms
14. general signs of fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased regeneration of epithelial cells,
anemia severe anemia may lead to angina of CHF
, NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jo49h0
15. iron deficiency insufficient iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis
anemia
16. etiology of iron dietary intake of iron below minimum, chronic blood loss, impaired duodenal
deficiency ane- absorption of iron, severe liver disease
mia
17. signs and symp- general signs of anemia + spoon shaped and ridged nails, brittle hair, stomatitis,
toms of iron defi- glossitis, menstrual irregularities, delayed healing
ciency anemia
18. pernicious ane- lack of intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa, required for
mia (vitamin B12 intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, B12 needed for function of neurons
deficiency)
19. etiology of perni- dietary insufficiency, malabsorption, surgery, such as gastrectomy
cious anemia
20. signs and symp- general signs, tongue enlarged, red, sore, and shiny, digestive discomfort, feeling
toms of perni- of pins and needles, tingling of limbs
cious anemia
21. aplastic anemia impairment or failure of bone marrow leading to loss of stem cells and pancy-
topenia
22. pancytopenia decreased numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in the blood
23. etiology of aplas- myelotoxins: radiation, industrial chemicals, drugs, genetic abnormalities, hep C,
tic anemia SLE
24. signs and symp- general signs, leukopenia (recurrent infection), thrombocytopenia (petechiae)
toms of aplastic
anemia
