TCAR FINAL PAPER SOLVED QUESTIONS
WITH FULL PRACTICE SOLUTION
●● if a patient bleeds out quickly what will their hemoglobin level be?
Low, normal, or high?
Answer: normal!
●● shock is a state in which....
Answer: cellular metabolic oxygen demand exceeds supply
●● tissue oxygenation cascade
Answer:
●● when a patient is hypovolemic, one way to compensate for the
decrease in intravascular fluid is to increase water reabsorption in the
kidneys. which two processes occur to achieve this?
Answer: ADH release from the posterior pituitary gland to the kidneys,
and RAAS
●● The role of inflammation in traumatic shock is complex and
incompletely understood.
However, inflammatory mediators both hyperstimulate and suppress
immune function.
, Although inflammatory responses are present shortly after injury, they
are chiefly important in the post-resuscitative period, where they
influence SIRS and impact healing.
Answer:
●● Ventilation is the initial step in the tissue oxygenation cascade. But
getting oxygen into the lungs isn't enough. It must diffuse through the
alveoli to the capillaries. Diffusion isn't helpful unless there's adequate
hemoglobin available to pick up the oxygen once it's passed through the
alveoli. And hemoglobin does no good unless there's sufficient cardiac
output to send oxygenated red cells to where they need to go. The final
step in the tissue oxygenation cascade-and the only one that counts in
the end-is tissue oxygen utilization. Can the cells both get and use the
delivered oxygen?
Answer: ventilation --- diffusion--- hemoglobin availability ----- cardiac
output ---- tissue oxygen utilization
●● pulmonary contusions can cause...
Answer: damage to the capillaries and alveoli which can cause issues
with diffusion and there for.... oxygenation
●● which parameter do we use to measure a patients ventilation status?
saturation / SpO2
arterial oxygen / PaO2
carbon dioxide/ PaCo2, EtCO2
WITH FULL PRACTICE SOLUTION
●● if a patient bleeds out quickly what will their hemoglobin level be?
Low, normal, or high?
Answer: normal!
●● shock is a state in which....
Answer: cellular metabolic oxygen demand exceeds supply
●● tissue oxygenation cascade
Answer:
●● when a patient is hypovolemic, one way to compensate for the
decrease in intravascular fluid is to increase water reabsorption in the
kidneys. which two processes occur to achieve this?
Answer: ADH release from the posterior pituitary gland to the kidneys,
and RAAS
●● The role of inflammation in traumatic shock is complex and
incompletely understood.
However, inflammatory mediators both hyperstimulate and suppress
immune function.
, Although inflammatory responses are present shortly after injury, they
are chiefly important in the post-resuscitative period, where they
influence SIRS and impact healing.
Answer:
●● Ventilation is the initial step in the tissue oxygenation cascade. But
getting oxygen into the lungs isn't enough. It must diffuse through the
alveoli to the capillaries. Diffusion isn't helpful unless there's adequate
hemoglobin available to pick up the oxygen once it's passed through the
alveoli. And hemoglobin does no good unless there's sufficient cardiac
output to send oxygenated red cells to where they need to go. The final
step in the tissue oxygenation cascade-and the only one that counts in
the end-is tissue oxygen utilization. Can the cells both get and use the
delivered oxygen?
Answer: ventilation --- diffusion--- hemoglobin availability ----- cardiac
output ---- tissue oxygen utilization
●● pulmonary contusions can cause...
Answer: damage to the capillaries and alveoli which can cause issues
with diffusion and there for.... oxygenation
●● which parameter do we use to measure a patients ventilation status?
saturation / SpO2
arterial oxygen / PaO2
carbon dioxide/ PaCo2, EtCO2
