COMSAE Phase 1 Form 107 Questions With
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A 23-year-old presents with fatigue and pallor. Lab results show
microcytic hypochromic anemia. Which is the most likely cause?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency
C. Aplastic anemia
D. Hemolytic anemia
E. Folate deficiency
Answer: B. Iron deficiency
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia classically causes microcytic,
hypochromic red blood cells due to reduced hemoglobin synthesis. B12
and folate deficiencies cause macrocytic anemia, while aplastic
anemia is typically normocytic.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most associated with peripheral
neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal
, cord?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B12
E. Vitamin D
Answer: D. Vitamin B12
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to demyelination of dorsal
columns and corticospinal tracts, causing paresthesias and gait
instability.
3. A patient has prolonged PT and a normal PTT. Which factor is most
likely deficient?
A. Factor VIII
B. Factor IX
C. Factor VII
D. Factor X
E. Factor II
Answer: C. Factor VII
Rationale: Factor VII is part of the extrinsic pathway measured by PT.
It has the shortest half-life among clotting factors.
, 4. Which organ is primarily responsible for gluconeogenesis during
fasting?
A. Brain
B. Skeletal muscle
C. Liver
D. Adipose tissue
E. Pancreas
Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver is the primary site of gluconeogenesis, especially
during fasting states. The kidney also contributes during prolonged
fasting.
5. A mutation in the CFTR gene most directly affects which cellular
process?
A. Sodium absorption
B. Chloride transport
C. Potassium secretion
D. Calcium influx
E. Glucose uptake
, Answer: B. Chloride transport
Rationale: CFTR regulates chloride ion transport across epithelial cells;
dysfunction leads to thick mucus secretions in cystic fibrosis.
6. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is involved in systemic
lupus erythematosus?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
E. Type V
Answer: C. Type III
Rationale: SLE involves immune complex deposition (Type III
hypersensitivity), leading to complement activation and tissue
damage.
7. A patient has increased serum LDH and indirect bilirubin. What is
the most likely process?
A. Cholestasis
B. Hemolysis
C. Hepatitis
Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant Download Pdf
1. A 23-year-old presents with fatigue and pallor. Lab results show
microcytic hypochromic anemia. Which is the most likely cause?
A. Vitamin B12 deficiency
B. Iron deficiency
C. Aplastic anemia
D. Hemolytic anemia
E. Folate deficiency
Answer: B. Iron deficiency
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia classically causes microcytic,
hypochromic red blood cells due to reduced hemoglobin synthesis. B12
and folate deficiencies cause macrocytic anemia, while aplastic
anemia is typically normocytic.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most associated with peripheral
neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal
, cord?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B12
E. Vitamin D
Answer: D. Vitamin B12
Rationale: Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to demyelination of dorsal
columns and corticospinal tracts, causing paresthesias and gait
instability.
3. A patient has prolonged PT and a normal PTT. Which factor is most
likely deficient?
A. Factor VIII
B. Factor IX
C. Factor VII
D. Factor X
E. Factor II
Answer: C. Factor VII
Rationale: Factor VII is part of the extrinsic pathway measured by PT.
It has the shortest half-life among clotting factors.
, 4. Which organ is primarily responsible for gluconeogenesis during
fasting?
A. Brain
B. Skeletal muscle
C. Liver
D. Adipose tissue
E. Pancreas
Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver is the primary site of gluconeogenesis, especially
during fasting states. The kidney also contributes during prolonged
fasting.
5. A mutation in the CFTR gene most directly affects which cellular
process?
A. Sodium absorption
B. Chloride transport
C. Potassium secretion
D. Calcium influx
E. Glucose uptake
, Answer: B. Chloride transport
Rationale: CFTR regulates chloride ion transport across epithelial cells;
dysfunction leads to thick mucus secretions in cystic fibrosis.
6. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is involved in systemic
lupus erythematosus?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
E. Type V
Answer: C. Type III
Rationale: SLE involves immune complex deposition (Type III
hypersensitivity), leading to complement activation and tissue
damage.
7. A patient has increased serum LDH and indirect bilirubin. What is
the most likely process?
A. Cholestasis
B. Hemolysis
C. Hepatitis
